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中阿含經 10 Medium Discourses 10
漏盡經 Ending the Contaminants
我聞如是： Thus I have heard:
一時，佛遊拘樓痩，在劍磨瑟曇拘樓都邑。 One time, the Buddha traveled to Kuru and was staying at the Kuru town of Kalmāṣadamya.
爾時世尊告諸比丘： It was then that the Bhagavān addressed the monks,
「以知以見故諸漏得盡，非不知非不見也。 “It’s because of knowing and seeing that the contaminants can be ended, not by not knowing and not seeing.
云何以知以見故諸漏得盡耶。 How can the contaminants be ended because of knowing and seeing?
「有正思惟，不正思惟。 “There is correct contemplation and incorrect contemplation.
若不正思惟者未生欲漏而生，已生便増廣。 If someone doesn’t correctly contemplate, contaminants of desire that have yet to arise will arise, and those that have already arisen will increase.
未生有漏，無明漏而生，已生便増廣。 Contaminants of existence and ignorance that have yet to arise will arise, and those that have already arisen will increase.
「若正思惟者未生欲漏而不生，已生便滅。 “If someone correctly contemplates, contaminants of desire that have yet to arise won’t arise, and those that have already arisen will cease.
未生有漏，無明漏而不生，已生便滅。 Contaminants of existence and ignorance that have yet to arise won’t arise, and those that have already arisen will cease.
「然，凡夫愚人不得聞正法，不値眞知識，不知聖法。 “Still, ordinary foolish people don’t listen to the right teaching, don’t meet genuine friends, and don’t know the noble teaching.
不調御聖法，不知如眞法。 They aren’t disciplined by the noble teaching and don’t truly know that teaching.
「不正思惟者未生欲漏而生，已生便増廣。 “When someone doesn’t correctly contemplate, contaminants of desire that have yet to arise will arise, and those that have already arisen will increase.
未生有漏，無明漏而生，已生便増廣。 Contaminants of existence and ignorance that have yet to arise will arise, and those that have already arisen will increase.
「正思惟者未生欲漏而不生，已生便滅。 “When someone correctly contemplates, contaminants of desire that have yet to arise won’t arise, and those that have already arisen will cease.
未生有漏，無明漏而不生，已生便滅。 Contaminants of existence and ignorance that have yet to arise won’t arise, and those that have already arisen will cease.
「不知如眞法故，不應念法而念，應念法而不念。 “Because they don’t truly know the teaching, a person thinks things that shouldn’t be thought and doesn’t think things that should be thought.
以不應念法而念，應念法而不念故，未生欲漏而生，已生便増廣。 Because they think things that shouldn’t be thought and don’t think things that should be thought, contaminants of desire that have yet to arise will arise, and those that have already arisen will increase.
未生有漏，無明漏而生，已生便増廣。 Contaminants of existence and ignorance that have yet to arise will arise, and those that have already arisen will increase.
「多聞聖弟子得聞正法，値眞知識。 “Well-versed noble disciples hear the right teaching and meet genuine friends.
調御聖法，知如眞法。 They are disciplined by the noble teaching and truly know the teaching.
「不正思惟者未生欲漏而生，已生便増廣。 “When someone doesn’t correctly contemplate, contaminants of desire that have yet to arise will arise, and those that have already arisen will increase.
未生有漏，無明漏而生，已生便増廣。 Contaminants of existence and ignorance that have yet to arise will arise, and those that have already arisen will increase.
「正思惟者未生欲漏而不生，已生便滅。 “When someone correctly contemplates, contaminants of desire that have yet to arise won’t arise, and those that have already arisen will cease.
未生有漏，無明漏而不生，已生便滅。 Contaminants of existence and ignorance that have yet to arise won’t arise, and those that have already arisen will cease.
「知如眞法已，不應念法不念，應念法便念。 “After truly knowing the teaching, they don’t think things that shouldn’t be thought and think things that should be thought.
以不應念法不念，應念法便念故，未生欲漏而不生，已生便滅。 Because they don’t think things that shouldn’t be thought and think things that should be thought, contaminants of desire that have yet to arise won’t arise, and those that have already arisen will cease.
未生有漏，無明漏而不生，已生便滅也。 Contaminants of existence and ignorance that have yet to arise won’t arise, and those that have already arisen will cease.
「有七斷漏，煩惱，憂慼法。 “There are seven things that stop the contaminants, the states of affliction and grief.
云何爲七。 What are the seven?
有漏從見斷，有漏從護斷，有漏從離斷，有漏從用斷，有漏從忍斷，有漏從除斷，有漏從思惟斷。 There are contaminants stopped by seeing, contaminants stopped by guarding, contaminants stopped by avoiding, contaminants stopped by using, contaminants stopped by tolerating, contaminants stopped by removing, and contaminants stopped by contemplating.
「云何有漏從見斷耶。 “How are contaminants stopped by seeing?
凡夫愚人不得聞正法，不値眞知識，不知聖法。 Ordinary foolish people can’t hear the right teaching, don’t meet genuine friends, and don’t know the noble teaching.
不調御聖法，不知如眞法 They aren’t disciplined by the noble teaching and don’t truly know the teaching.
不正思惟故，便作是念： Because they don’t correctly contemplate, they then think,
『我有過去世。』 ‘I have past lives.’
『我無過去世。』 ‘I have no past lives.’
『我何因過去世。』 ‘What were the causes of my past lives?’
『我云何過去世耶。』 ‘What were my past lives?’
『我有未來世。』 ‘I’ll have future lives.’
『我無未來世。』 ‘I’ll have no future lives.’
『我何因未來世。』 ‘What will be the causes of my future lives?’
『我云何未來世耶。』 ‘What will be my future lives?’
「自疑己身： “They doubt themselves, saying:
『何謂。』 ‘What’s the meaning of this?’
『是云何是耶。』 ‘What is this?’
『今此衆生從何所來。』 ‘Where did this sentient being come from?’
『當至何所。』 ‘Where will it go?’
『本何因有。』 ‘What were the causes for its existence in the past?’
『當何因有。』 ‘What will be the causes for its existence in the future?’
「彼作如是不正思惟。 “Thus, they incorrectly contemplate.
於六見中。隨其見生而生： As a result of those six views, this view arises:
『眞有神。』 ‘There really is a soul.’
此見生而生： That view gives rise to [this view]:
『眞無神。』 ‘There really is no soul.’
此見生而生： That view gives rise to [this view]:
『神見神。』 ‘The soul sees the soul.’
此見生而生： That views gives rise to [this view]:
『神見非神。』 ‘The soul sees what’s not the soul.’
此見生而生： That view gives rise to [this view]:
『非神見神。』 ‘What’s not the soul sees the soul.’
此見生而生： That view gives rise to [these views]:
『此是神能語，能知，能作，教，作起，教起。 ‘The soul speaks, knows, acts, teaches, initiates actions, and initiates teachings.
生彼彼處，受善惡報。』 It’s born in one place or another and receives the results of good and bad [actions],’
『定無所從來。 ‘It certainly comes from nowhere …
定不有。 certainly doesn’t exist …
定不當有。』 certainly won’t exist.’
「是謂見之弊，爲見所動，見結所繋。 “This is called the downfall of views, being moved by views, and being tied by the bond of views.
凡夫愚人以是之故便受生，老，病，死苦也。 As a result, ordinary foolish people are subject to the pain of birth, old age, illness, and death.
「多聞聖弟子得聞正法，値眞知識。 “Well-versed noble disciples hear the right teaching and meet genuine friends.
調御聖法，知如眞法。 They are disciplined by the noble teaching and truly know the teaching.
知苦如眞。知苦習，知苦滅，知苦滅道如眞。 They truly know suffering and truly know the formation of suffering, cessation of suffering, and the path to the cessation of suffering.
「如是知如眞已，則三結盡：身見，戒取，疑。 “After thus truly knowing them, the three fetters are ended, which are belief in the individual, adherence to precepts, and doubt.
三結盡已，得須陀洹。 After ending these three fetters, they attain stream entry.
不墮惡法，定趣正覺。 They won’t fall into bad states and are certainly headed for right awakening.
極受七有。 They’ll experience at most seven existences.
天上人間七往來已，便得苦際。 After seven rebirths up in heaven or among humans, they’ll then reach the end of suffering.
「若不知見者，則生煩惱，憂慼。 “If someone doesn’t know and see, then affliction and grief will arise.
知見則不生煩惱，憂慼。 When they know and see, affliction and grief won’t arise.
是謂有漏從見斷也。 This is called stopping contaminants by seeing.
「云何有漏從護斷耶。 “How are the contaminants stopped by guarding?
比丘，眼見色，護眼根者以正思惟不淨觀也。 Monks, someone who guards the eye faculty when they see things will observe what’s impure with correct contemplation.
不護眼根者不正思惟以淨觀也。 Someone who doesn’t guard the eye faculty will observe what’s pure with incorrect contemplation.
若不護者，則生煩惱，憂慼。 If someone doesn’t guard their faculties, then affliction and grief will arise.
護，則不生煩惱，憂慼。 When they guard their faculties, affliction and grief won’t arise.
如是，耳，鼻，舌，身，意知法。 “So it is when someone’s ear … nose … tongue … body … mind faculty perceives things.
護意根者以正思惟不淨觀也。 Someone who guards their mind faculty will observe what’s impure with correct contemplation.
不護意根者不正思惟以淨觀也。 Someone who doesn’t guard the mind faculty will observe what’s pure with incorrect contemplation.
若不護者，則生煩惱，憂慼。 If someone doesn’t guard their faculties, then affliction and grief will arise.
護，則不生煩惱憂慼。 When they guard them, affliction and grief won’t arise.
是謂有漏從護斷也。 This is called stopping the contaminants by guarding.
「云何有漏從離斷耶。 “How are the contaminants stopped by avoiding?
比丘，見惡象，則當遠離， Monks, someone who sees a dangerous elephant will avoid it.
惡馬，惡牛，惡狗，毒蛇，惡道，溝，坑，屏，厠，江河，深泉，山，巖，惡知識，惡朋友，惡異道，惡閭里，惡居止。 Dangerous horses, cattle, dogs, vipers, paths, ditches, pits, hedges, rivers, deep springs, mountains, cliffs and bad associates, friends, heretics, villages, and homes should all be avoided by a monk.
若諸梵行與其同處，人無疑者而使有疑，比丘者應當離。 If other religious practitioners sharing the same dwelling would cause people without doubts to become doubtful [of him, a monk avoids them, too].
若不離者，則生煩惱，憂慼。 If someone doesn’t avoid these things, then affliction and grief will arise.
離，則不生煩惱，憂慼。 When they avoid them, affliction and grief won’t arise.
是謂有漏從離斷也。 This is called stopping the contaminants by avoiding.
「云何有漏從用斷耶。 “How are the contaminants stopped by using?
比丘，若用衣服非爲利故，非以貢高故，非爲嚴飾故。但爲蚊虻風，雨，寒，熱故，以慚愧故也。 Monks, suppose someone uses robes not for profit, not because of pride, and not for ornamentation but only because of insects, wind, rain, cold, heat, and modesty.
「若用飮食，非爲利故，非以貢高故，非爲肥悦故。但爲令身久住，除煩惱，憂慼故，以行梵行故，欲令故，病斷新病不生故，久住安隱，無病故也。 “Suppose someone uses food not for profit, not because of pride, and not for the rich pleasure of it but only to make his body long-lasting, to remove affliction and grief, to practice the religious life, to end an illness and prevent new illnesses, and to abide in comfort and without illness for a long time.
「若用居止，房舍，床褥，臥具，非爲利故，非以貢高故，非爲嚴飾故。但爲疲惓得止息故，得靜坐故也。 “Suppose someone uses a house, a hut, a seat, or a bed not for profit, not because of pride, and not for ornamentation but only for rest from weariness and to sit quietly.
「若用湯藥，非爲利故，非以貢高故，非爲肥悦故。但爲除病惱故，攝御命根故，安隱無病故。 “Suppose someone uses hot water and medicine not for profit, not because of pride, and not for the rich pleasure of it but only to remove illness and discomfort, to manage their vitality, and to be comfortable and without illness.
若不用者，則生煩惱，憂慼。 If someone doesn’t use these things, affliction and grief will arise.
用，則不生煩惱，憂慼。 When they use them, affliction and grief won’t arise.
是謂有漏從用斷也。 This is called stopping the contaminants by using.
「云何有漏從忍斷耶。 “How are the contaminants stopped by tolerating?
比丘，精進斷惡不善，修善法故，常有起想。 Monks, someone makes effort to end bad and unskillful [qualities] and cultivate good qualities, so he always has the idea of rising [early].
專心精勤。 They concentrate their mind and endeavor.
身體皮，肉，筋，骨，血，髓，皆令乾竭，不捨精進。 Their skin, muscles, sinews, bones, blood, and marrow may wither, but they don’t abandon their effort.
要得所求乃捨精進。 Only when they obtain what they seek will they abandon their effort.
「比丘，復，當堪忍飢渇，寒熱，蚊虻，蠅蚤虱，風日所逼，惡聲。 “Again, monks, they can tolerate hunger, thirst, cold, heat, biting and stinging insects, the oppression of wind and sun, and harsh sounds.
捶杖，亦能忍之。 They can even tolerate being caned.
身遇諸病，極爲苦痛，至命欲絶，諸不可樂皆能堪忍。 When they encounter illness, extreme pain, or their life is about to end, they’re capable of tolerating such unpleasantness.
若不忍者，則生煩惱，憂慼。 If someone doesn’t tolerate these things, affliction and grief will arise.
忍，則不生煩惱，憂慼。 When they tolerate them, affliction and grief won’t arise.
是謂有漏從忍斷也。 This is called stopping the contaminants by tolerating.
「云何有漏從除斷耶。 “How are the contaminants stopped by removing?
比丘，生欲念，不除斷，捨離。 Monks, suppose someone gives rise to thoughts of desire that haven’t been removed and abandoned.
生恚念，害念，不除斷，捨離。 They give rise to thoughts of anger and harmfulness that haven’t been removed and abandoned.
若不除者，則生煩惱，憂慼。 If someone doesn’t remove these things, affliction and grief will arise.
除，則不生煩惱，憂慼。 When they remove them, affliction and grief won’t arise.
是謂有漏從除斷也。 This is called stopping the contaminants by removing.
「云何有漏從思惟斷耶。 “How are the contaminants stopped by contemplating?
比丘，思惟初念覺支，依離，依無欲，依於滅盡，起至出要。 Monks, suppose someone contemplates the first awakening factor of mindfulness with the support of seclusion, lack of desire, and cessation which lead to escape.
法，精進，喜，息，定，思惟第七捨覺支，依離，依無欲，依於滅盡，趣至出要。 He contemplates teachings … effort … joy … calm … concentration … the seventh awakening factor of equanimity with the support of seclusion, lack of desire, and cessation which lead to escape.
若不思惟者，則生煩惱憂慼。 If someone doesn’t contemplate these things, affliction and grief will arise.
思惟，則不生煩惱，憂慼。 When they contemplate them, affliction and grief won’t arise.
是謂有漏從思惟斷也。 This is called stopping the contaminants by contemplating.
「若使比丘有漏從見斷，則以見斷。 “Monks, suppose someone sets out to stop the contaminants by seeing, and they are stopped because of seeing …
有漏從護斷，則以護斷。 to stop the contaminants by guarding, and they are stopped because of guarding …
有漏從離斷，則以離斷。 to stop the contaminants by avoiding, and they are stopped because of avoiding …
有漏從用斷，則以用斷。 to stop the contaminants by using, and they are stopped because of using …
有漏從忍斷，則以忍斷。 to stop the contaminants by tolerating, and they are stopped because of tolerating …
有漏從除斷，則以除斷。 to stop the contaminants by removing, and they are stopped because of removing …
有漏從思惟斷，則以思惟斷。 to stop the contaminants by contemplating, and they are stopped because of contemplating.
是謂比丘一切漏盡諸結已解。 This is called a monk who was once bound by all the contaminants and who’s now free.
能以正智而得苦際。」 He can reach the end of suffering with right knowledge.”
佛説如是。 Thus did the Buddha speak.
彼諸比丘聞佛所説，歡喜，奉行。 The monks who heard what the Buddha taught rejoiced and approved.