From: ,
雜阿含經 The Related Discourses
（一）陰相應 1. The Aggregates
（二二） 劫波所問 28 (22). Kappa’s Question
如是我聞： Thus I have heard:
一時，佛住舍衛國、祇樹、給孤獨園。 One time, the Buddha was staying at Anāthapiṇḍada’s Park in Jeta’s Grove of Śrāvastī.
爾時，有比丘名劫波來詣佛所。 It was then that the monk Kappa came to visit the Buddha.
頭面禮足，却住一面，白佛言： He bowed his head at the Buddha’s feet, withdrew to stand at one side, and then said to the Buddha,
「如世尊說：『比丘心得善解脫。』 “The Bhagavān says ‘a monk’s mind becomes well liberated.’
世尊，云何比丘心得善解脫？」 Bhagavān, how does a monk’s mind become well liberated?”
爾時，世尊告劫波曰： The Bhagavān told Kappa,
「善哉！善哉能問如來心善解脫。 “Good! It’s good that you can ask the Tathāgata about one’s mind being well liberated.
善哉，劫波！諦聽！諦聽，善思念之。 Good, Kappa! Listen closely! Listen closely, and consider it well.
當為汝說。 I will explain this for you.
「劫波，當觀知諸所有色，若過去、若未來、若現在，若內、若外，若麁、若細，若好、若醜，若遠、若近，彼一切悉皆無常。 “Kappa, you should observe and know that whatever forms there are, whether they are past, future, or present, internal or external, crude or fine, beautiful or ugly, or distant or near, they are all impermanent.
正觀無常已，色愛即除。 Having correctly observed that they are impermanent, craving for forms is eliminated.
色愛除已，心善解脫。 Once craving for forms is eliminated, one’s mind is well liberated.
「如是觀受⋯想⋯行⋯識，若過去、若未來、若現在，若內、若外、若麁、若細，若好、若醜，若遠、若近，彼一切悉皆無常。 “In this way, observe whatever feelings … conceptions … volitions … instances of awareness there are, whether they are past, future, or present, internal or external, crude or fine, beautiful or ugly, or distant or near, they are all impermanent.
正觀無常已，識愛即除。 Once one correctly observes that they are impermanent, craving for instances of awareness is eliminated.
識愛除已，我說心善解脫。 Once craving for instances of awareness is eliminated, I say one’s mind is well liberated.
「劫波，如是，比丘心善解脫者，如來說名心善解脫。 “Kappa, when a monk’s mind is well liberated in this way, the Tathāgata says that this is called one’s mind being well liberated.
所以者何？ Why is that?
愛欲斷故。 Because his craving for desires is stopped.
愛欲斷者，如來說名心善解脫。」 When craving for desires is stopped, the Tathāgata teaches that this is called one’s mind being well liberated.”
時，劫波比丘聞佛所說，心大歡喜。 When the monk Kappa heard what the Buddha taught, he felt great joy.
禮佛而退。 He then bowed to the Buddha and withdrew.
爾時，劫波比丘受佛教已，獨一靜處，專精思惟，不放逸住。 Once he had received the Buddha’s teaching, that monk Kappa went alone to a quiet place, focused on contemplation, and lived earnestly.
⋯乃至⋯自知不受後有⋯ … up to … He himself knew that he wouldn’t be subject to a later existence …
心善解脫，成阿羅漢。 mind was well liberated, and he became an arhat.