Theravadan

From: Pali, Bhikkhu Ñāṇamoli

Dhutaṅgapakiṇṇakakathā[Miscellaneous Discussion of the Ascetic Practices]

Idāni – Kusalattikato ceva, dhutādīnaṃ vibhāgato; Samāsabyāsato cāpi, viññātabbo vinicchayoti. – Imissā gāthāya vasena vaṇṇanā hoti.Now, there is the commentary according to the stanza: (4) As to the profitable triad, (5) “Ascetic” and so on distinguished, (6) As to groups, and also (7) singly, The exposition should be known (see §3).

Tattha kusalattikatoti sabbāneva hi dhutaṅgāni sekkhaputhujjanakhīṇāsavānaṃ vasena siyā kusalāni,4. Herein, as to the profitable triad: (Dhs, p.1) all the ascetic practices, that is to say, those of trainers, ordinary men, and men whose cankers have been destroyed, may be either profitable

siyā abyākatāni, natthi dhutaṅgaṃ akusalanti.or [in the Arahant’s case] indeterminate. No ascetic practice is unprofitable.

Yo pana vadeyya ‘‘pāpiccho icchāpakato āraññiko hotīti ādivacanato (a. ni. 5.181; pari. 325) akusalampi dhutaṅga’’nti.But if someone should say: There is also an unprofitable ascetic practice because of the words “One of evil wishes, a prey to wishes, becomes a forest dweller” (A III 219), etc.,

So vattabbo – na mayaṃ ‘‘akusalacittena araññe na vasatī’’ti vadāma.he should be told: We have not said that he does not live in the forest with unprofitable consciousness.

Yassa hi araññe nivāso, so āraññiko. So ca pāpiccho vā bhaveyya appiccho vā.Whoever has his dwelling in the forest is a forest dweller; and he may be one of evil wishes or of few wishes.

Imāni pana tena tena samādānena dhutakilesattā dhutassa bhikkhuno aṅgāni, kilesadhunanato vā dhutanti laddhavohāraṃ ñāṇaṃ aṅgametesanti dhutaṅgāni.But, as it was said above (§11), they “are the practices (aṅga) of a bhikkhu who is ascetic (dhuta) because he has shaken off (dhuta) defilement by undertaking one or other of them. Or the knowledge that has got the name “ascetic” (dhuta) because it shakes off (dhunana) defilement is a practice (aṅga) belonging to these, thus they are “ascetic practices” (dhutaṅga).

Atha vā dhutāni ca tāni paṭipakkhaniddhunanato aṅgāni ca paṭipattiyātipi dhutaṅgānīti vuttaṃ.Or alternatively, they are ascetic (dhuta) because they shake off (niddhunana) opposition, and they are practices (aṅga) because they are a way (paṭipatti).”

Na ca akusalena koci dhuto nāma hoti, yassetāni aṅgāni bhaveyyuṃ, na ca akusalaṃ kiñci dhunāti, yesaṃ taṃ aṅgantikatvā dhutaṅgānīti vucceyyuṃ.Now, no one called “ascetic” on account of what is unprofitable could have these as his practices; nor does what is unprofitable shake off anything so that those things to which it belonged as a practice could be called “ascetic practices.”

Nāpi akusalaṃ cīvaraloluppādīni ceva niddhunāti paṭipattiyā ca aṅgaṃ hoti.And what is unprofitable does not both shake off cupidity for robes, etc., and become the practice of the way.

Tasmā suvuttamidaṃ ‘‘natthi akusalaṃ dhutaṅga’’nti.Consequently it was rightly said that no ascetic practice is unprofitable.

‘‘Yesampi kusalattikavinimuttaṃ dhutaṅgaṃ, tesaṃ atthato dhutaṅgameva natthi.And those who hold that an ascetic practice is outside the profitable triad[^18] have no ascetic practice as regards meaning.

Asantaṃ kassa dhunanato dhutaṅgaṃ nāma bhavissati.Owing to the shaking off of what is non-existent could it be called an ascetic practice?

Dhutaguṇe samādāya vattatīti vacanavirodhopi ca nesaṃ āpajjati,Also there are the words “Proceeded to undertake the ascetic qualities” (Vin III 15), and it follows[^19] that those words are contradicted.

tasmā taṃ na gahetabba’’nti ayaṃ tāva kusalattikato vaṇṇanā.So that should not be accepted. This, in the first place, is the commentary on the profitable triad.

Dhutādīnaṃvibhāgatoti dhuto veditabbo. Dhutavādo veditabbo. Dhutadhammā veditabbā. Dhutaṅgāni veditabbāni. Kassa dhutaṅgasevanā sappāyāti veditabbaṃ.5. As to “ascetic and so on distinguished,” the following things should be understood, that is to say, ascetic, a preacher of asceticism, ascetic states, ascetic practices, and for whom the cultivation of ascetic practices is suitable.

Tattha dhutoti dhutakileso vā puggalo kilesadhunano vā dhammo.Herein, ascetic means either a person whose defilements are shaken off, or a state that entails shaking off defilements.

Dhutavādoti ettha pana atthi dhuto na dhutavādo, atthi na dhuto dhutavādo,A preacher of asceticism: one is ascetic but not a preacher of asceticism, another is not ascetic but a preacher of asceticism,

atthi neva dhuto na dhutavādo, atthi dhuto ceva dhutavādo ca.another is neither ascetic nor a preacher of asceticism, and another is both ascetic and a preacher of asceticism.

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