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51. Ārāmapavisanasikkhāpada

The training rule on entering monasteries

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery,

Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū gāmakāvāse ekacīvarā cīvarakammaṁ karonti.
a number of monks dressed only in sarongs were making robes in a certain village monastery.

Bhikkhuniyo anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisitvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṁsu.
Nuns entered that monastery without asking permission and approached those monks.

Bhikkhū ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
The monks complained and criticized them,

“kathañhi nāma bhikkhuniyo anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisissantī”ti …pe…
“How can nuns enter a monastery without asking permission?” …

“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisantī”ti?
“Is it true, monks, that nuns did that?”

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them …

kathañhi nāma, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisissanti.
“How can nuns do that?

Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—
“And, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:

“Yā pana bhikkhunī anāpucchā ārāmaṁ paviseyya, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a nun enters a monastery without asking permission, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.
In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the nuns.

Tena kho pana samayena te bhikkhū tamhā āvāsā pakkamiṁsu.
Soon afterwards those monks left that monastery.

Bhikkhuniyo—“ayyā pakkantā”ti ārāmaṁ nāgamaṁsu.
But even though the nuns had heard that the monks had left, they did not go there.

Atha kho te bhikkhū punadeva taṁ āvāsaṁ paccāgacchiṁsu.
Soon the monks returned.

Bhikkhuniyo—“ayyā āgatā”ti āpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisitvā yena te bhikkhū tenupasaṅkamiṁsu;
When the nuns heard that this was the case, they asked permission and then entered that monastery.

upasaṅkamitvā te bhikkhū abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ aṭṭhaṁsu.
They approached the monks and bowed down to them.

Ekamantaṁ ṭhitā kho tā bhikkhuniyo te bhikkhū etadavocuṁ—“kissa tumhe, bhaginiyo, ārāmaṁ neva sammajjittha na pānīyaṁ paribhojanīyaṁ upaṭṭhāpitthā”ti?
The monks then said to them, “Sisters, why didn’t you sweep the monastery, or put out water for drinking or water for washing?”

“Bhagavatā, ayyā, sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ—‘na anāpucchā ārāmo pavisitabbo’ti.
“The Buddha has laid down a training rule that we may not enter a monastery without asking permission.

Tena mayaṁ na āgamimhā”ti.
That’s why we didn’t do it.”

Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…
They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards the Buddha had the Sangha gathered and addressed the monks:

anujānāmi, bhikkhave, santaṁ bhikkhuṁ āpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisituṁ.
“Monks, when a monk is available, a nun should enter a monastery only after asking permission.

Evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—
And so, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:

“Yā pana bhikkhunī santaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā ārāmaṁ paviseyya, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a nun, when a monk is available, enters a monastery without asking permission, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhunīnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.
In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the nuns.

Tena kho pana samayena te bhikkhū tamhā āvāsā pakkamitvā punadeva taṁ āvāsaṁ paccāgacchiṁsu.
After leaving that monastery once more, the monks returned yet again.

Bhikkhuniyo—“ayyā pakkantā”ti anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisiṁsu.
Thinking that the monks were still away, the nuns entered the monastery without asking permission.

Tāsaṁ kukkuccaṁ ahosi—“bhagavatā sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ—‘na santaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā ārāmo pavisitabbo’ti.
The nuns became anxious, thinking,

Mayañcamhā santaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisimhā.
“We have entered a monastery without asking permission, even though a monk was available. And the Buddha has laid down a training rule against this.

Kacci nu kho mayaṁ pācittiyaṁ āpattiṁ āpannā”ti …pe…
Could it be that we have committed an offense entailing confession?”

bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.
They told the Buddha.

Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi …pe…
Soon afterwards he gave a teaching and addressed the monks:

evañca pana, bhikkhave, bhikkhuniyo imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddisantu—
“And so, monks, the nuns should recite this training rule like this:

“Yā pana bhikkhunī jānaṁ sabhikkhukaṁ ārāmaṁ anāpucchā paviseyya, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a nun, knowing that there are monks in a monastery, enters it without asking permission, she commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Yā panāti
A:

yā yādisā …pe…
whoever …

bhikkhunīti
Nun:

…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippetā bhikkhunīti.
… The nun who has been given the full ordination in unanimity by both Sanghas through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of nun is meant in this case.

Jānāti nāma
Knowing:

sāmaṁ vā jānāti, aññe vā tassā ārocenti, te vā ārocenti.
she knows it by herself or others have told her or they have told her.

Sabhikkhuko nāma ārāmo
There are monks in a monastery:

yattha bhikkhū rukkhamūlepi vasanti.
even where monks stay at the foot of a tree.

Anāpucchā ārāmaṁ paviseyyāti
Enters it without asking permission:

bhikkhuṁ vā sāmaṇeraṁ vā ārāmikaṁ vā anāpucchā parikkhittassa ārāmassa parikkhepaṁ atikkāmentiyā āpatti pācittiyassa.
if she crosses the boundary of an enclosed monastery without asking permission of a monk or a novice monk or a monastery worker, she commits an offense entailing confession.

Aparikkhittassa ārāmassa upacāraṁ okkamantiyā āpatti pācittiyassa.
If she enters the vicinity of an unenclosed monastery, she commits an offense entailing confession.

Sabhikkhuke sabhikkhukasaññā santaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If there are monks in a monastery, and she perceives that there are, and she enters it without asking permission of an available monk, she commits an offense entailing confession.

Sabhikkhuke vematikā santaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If there are monks in a monastery, but she is unsure of it, and she enters it without asking permission of an available monk, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Sabhikkhuke abhikkhukasaññā santaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā ārāmaṁ pavisati, anāpatti.
If there are monks in a monastery, but she does not perceive that there are, and she enters it without asking permission of an available monk, there is no offense.

Abhikkhuke sabhikkhukasaññā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If there are no monks in a monastery, but she perceives that there are, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Abhikkhuke vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If there are no monks in a monastery, but she is unsure of it, she commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Abhikkhuke abhikkhukasaññā, anāpatti.
If there are no monks in a monastery, and she does not perceive that there are, there is no offense.

Anāpatti—
There is no offense:

santaṁ bhikkhuṁ āpucchā pavisati,
if she enters after asking permission of an available monk;

asantaṁ bhikkhuṁ anāpucchā pavisati,
if, when there is no available monk, she enters without asking permission;

sīsānulokikā gacchati,
if she goes while looking at the head of a nun in front of her;

yattha bhikkhuniyo sannipatitā honti tattha gacchati,
if she is going to where the nuns have gathered;

ārāmena maggo hoti,
if a path goes through the monastery;

gilānāya,
if she is sick;

āpadāsu,
if there is an emergency;

ummattikāya,
if she is insane;

ādikammikāyāti.
if she is the first offender.

Paṭhamasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The first training rule is finished.