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20. Sappāṇakasikkhāpada

The training rule on containing living beings

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā āḷaviyaṁ viharati aggāḷave cetiye.
At one time when the Buddha was staying at Āḷavī at the Aggāḷava Shrine,

Tena kho pana samayena āḷavakā bhikkhū navakammaṁ karontā jānaṁ sappāṇakaṁ udakaṁ tiṇampi mattikampi siñcantipi siñcāpentipi.
the monks there were doing building work. They poured water that they knew contained living beings onto grass and clay, and they had others do the same.

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
The monks of few desires complained and criticized them,

“kathañhi nāma āḷavakā bhikkhū jānaṁ sappāṇakaṁ udakaṁ tiṇampi mattikampi siñcissantipi siñcāpessantipī”ti.
“How can the monks at Āḷavī pour water that they know contains living beings onto grass and clay, and have others do the same?”

Atha kho te bhikkhū āḷavake bhikkhū anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…
After rebuking those monks in many ways, they told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks:

“saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, jānaṁ sappāṇakaṁ udakaṁ tiṇampi mattikampi siñcathapi siñcāpethapī”ti?
“Is it true, monks, that you do this?”

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them …

kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, jānaṁ sappāṇakaṁ udakaṁ tiṇampi mattikampi siñcissathapi siñcāpessathapi.
“Foolish men, how can you do this?

Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Yo pana bhikkhu jānaṁ sappāṇakaṁ udakaṁ tiṇaṁ vā mattikaṁ vā siñceyya vā siñcāpeyya vā, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a monk pours water that he knows contains living beings onto grass or clay, or has it poured, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Yo panāti
A:

yo yādiso …pe…
whoever …

bhikkhūti
Monk:

…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
…The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.

Jānāti nāma
He knows:

sāmaṁ vā jānāti. Aññe vā tassa ārocenti.
he knows by himself or others have told him.

Siñceyyāti
Pours:

sayaṁ siñcati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
if he pours it himself, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Siñcāpeyyāti
Has poured:

aññaṁ āṇāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
if he asks another, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Sakiṁ āṇatto bahukampi siñcati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If he only asks once, then even if the other pours a lot, he commits one offense entailing confession.

Sappāṇake sappāṇakasaññī tiṇaṁ vā mattikaṁ vā siñcati vā siñcāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If it contains living beings, and he perceives it as such, and he pours it onto grass or clay, or he has it poured, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Sappāṇake vematiko tiṇaṁ vā mattikaṁ vā siñcati vā siñcāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it contains living beings, but he is unsure of it, and he pours it onto grass or clay, or he has it poured, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Sappāṇake appāṇakasaññī tiṇaṁ vā mattikaṁ vā siñcati vā siñcāpeti vā, anāpatti.
If it contains living beings, but he does not perceive it as such, and he pours it onto grass or clay, or he has it poured, there is no offense.

Appāṇake sappāṇakasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it does not contain living beings, but he perceives it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Appāṇake vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it does not contain living beings, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Appāṇake appāṇakasaññī, anāpatti.
If it does not contain living beings, and he does not perceive it as such, there is no offense.

Anāpatti—
There is no offense:

asañcicca,
if it is unintentional;

assatiyā,
if he is not mindful;

ajānantassa,
if he does not know;

ummattakassa,
if he is insane;

ādikammikassāti.
if he is the first offender.

Sappāṇakasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.
The training rule on containing living beings, the tenth, is finished.

Bhūtagāmavaggo dutiyo.
The second subchapter on plants is finished.

Tassuddānaṁ
This is the summary:

Bhūtaṁ aññāya ujjhāyaṁ,
“Plant, with evasion, complaining,

pakkamantena te duve;
The two with departing;

Pubbe nikkaḍḍhanāhacca,
Before, throwing out, detachable,

dvāraṁ sappāṇakena cāti.
Door, and containing living beings.”