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22. Atthaṅgatasikkhāpada

The training rule on set

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery,

Tena kho pana samayena therā bhikkhū bhikkhuniyo ovadanti pariyāyena. Tena kho pana samayena āyasmato cūḷapanthakassa pariyāyo hoti bhikkhuniyo ovadituṁ.
the senior monks were taking turns instructing the nuns. Then, on one occasion, it was Venerable Cūḷapanthaka’s turn.

Bhikkhuniyo evamāhaṁsu—“na dāni ajja ovādo iddho bhavissati, taññeva dāni udānaṁ ayyo cūḷapanthako punappunaṁ bhaṇissatī”ti.
The nuns said, “Today the instruction won’t be effective. Venerable Cūḷapanthaka will just be repeating the same thing over and over.”

Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo yenāyasmā cūḷapanthako tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ cūḷapanthakaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.
Soon afterwards those nuns went to Cūḷapanthaka, bowed, and sat down.

Ekamantaṁ nisinnā kho tā bhikkhuniyo āyasmā cūḷapanthako etadavoca—“samaggāttha, bhaginiyo”ti?
Cūḷapanthaka then said to them, “Are you all here, Sisters?”

“Samaggāmhāyyā”ti.
“We’re all here, Venerable.”

“Vattanti, bhaginiyo, aṭṭha garudhammā”ti?
“Are you keeping the eight important principles?”

“Vattantāyyā”ti.
“We are.”

“Eso, bhaginiyo, ovādo”ti niyyādetvā imaṁ udānaṁ punappunaṁ abhāsi—
After saying, “This is the instruction,” he uttered the same heartfelt exclamation again and again:

“Adhicetaso appamajjato,
“For the heedful one possessed of the higher mind,

Munino monapathesu sikkhato;
For the sage training on the path to sagacity—

Sokā na bhavanti tādino,
There are no sorrows for such a one,

Upasantassa sadā satīmato”ti.
The peaceful one, who is always mindful.”

Bhikkhuniyo evamāhaṁsu—“nanu avocumhā—na dāni ajja ovādo iddho bhavissati, taññeva dāni udānaṁ ayyo cūḷapanthako punappunaṁ bhaṇissatī”ti.
And the nuns said, “Didn’t we say that the instruction wouldn’t be effective, that Venerable Cūḷapanthaka would just be repeating the same thing over and over?”

Assosi kho āyasmā cūḷapanthako tāsaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ imaṁ kathāsallāpaṁ.
Cūḷapanthaka overheard that conversation between the nuns.

Atha kho āyasmā cūḷapanthako vehāsaṁ abbhuggantvā ākāse antalikkhe caṅkamatipi tiṭṭhatipi nisīdatipi seyyampi kappeti dhūmāyatipi pajjalatipi antaradhāyatipi, tañceva udānaṁ bhaṇati aññañca bahuṁ buddhavacanaṁ.
He then rose up into the air, walked back and forth in space, and he stood, sat down, and lay down there. He emitted smoke and fire, and he disappeared, all the while uttering the same heartfelt exclamation and many other sayings by the Buddha.

Bhikkhuniyo evamāhaṁsu—
The nuns said,

“acchariyaṁ vata bho, abbhutaṁ vata bho.
“It’s astonishing and amazing!

Na vata no ito pubbe ovādo evaṁ iddho bhūtapubbo yathā ayyassa cūḷapanthakassā”ti.
No previous instruction has been as effective as this one from Venerable Cūḷapanthaka!”

Atha kho āyasmā cūḷapanthako tā bhikkhuniyo yāva samandhakārā ovaditvā uyyojesi—“gacchatha, bhaginiyo”ti.
And Cūḷapanthaka kept on instructing those nuns until the dark of night and then dismissed them, saying, “Go, Sisters.”

Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo nagaradvāre thakite bahinagare vasitvā kālasseva nagaraṁ pavisanti.
But because the gates to town were closed, those nuns spent the night outside and only entered early in the morning.

Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—“abrahmacāriniyo imā bhikkhuniyo;
People complained and criticized them, “These nuns aren’t celibate.

ārāme bhikkhūhi saddhiṁ vasitvā idāni nagaraṁ pavisantī”ti.
They spend the night in the monastery with the monks and only now do they enter town.”

Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ.
The monks heard the complaints of those people,

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
and the monks of few desires complained and criticized Cūḷapanthaka,

“kathañhi nāma āyasmā cūḷapanthako atthaṅgate sūriye bhikkhuniyo ovadissatī”ti …pe…
“How could Venerable Cūḷapanthaka instruct the nuns after the sun has set?”…

“saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, cūḷapanthaka, atthaṅgate sūriye bhikkhuniyo ovadasī”ti?
“Is it true, Cūḷapanthaka, that you did this?”

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked him …

kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, cūḷapanthaka, atthaṅgate sūriye bhikkhuniyo ovadissasi.
“Cūḷapanthaka, how could you do this?

Netaṁ, cūḷapanthaka, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Sammatopi ce bhikkhu atthaṅgate sūriye bhikkhuniyo ovadeyya, pācittiyan”ti.
‘Even if he has been appointed, if a monk instructs the nuns after sunset, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Sammato nāma
Has been appointed:

ñatticatutthena kammena sammato.
has been appointed through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements.

Atthaṅgate sūriyeti
After sunset:

oggate sūriye.
after the sun has gone down.

Bhikkhunī nāma
The nuns:

ubhatosaṅghe upasampannā.
they have been given the full ordination by both Sanghas.

Ovadeyyāti
Instructs:

aṭṭhahi vā garudhammehi aññena vā dhammena ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
if he instructs in the eight important principles or he gives any other teaching, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Atthaṅgate atthaṅgatasaññī ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If the sun has set, and he perceives that it has, and he instructs the nuns, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Atthaṅgate vematiko ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If the sun has set, but he is unsure of it, and he instructs the nuns, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Atthaṅgate anatthaṅgatasaññī ovadati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If the sun has set, but he perceives that it has not, and he instructs the nuns, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Ekatoupasampannāya ovadati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he instructs a nun who is fully ordained only on one side, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Anatthaṅgate atthaṅgatasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If the sun has not set, but he perceives that it has, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Anatthaṅgate vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If the sun has not set, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Anatthaṅgate anatthaṅgatasaññī, anāpatti.
If the sun has not set, and he perceives that it has not, there is no offense.

Anāpatti—
There is no offense:

uddesaṁ dento,
if he recites;

paripucchaṁ dento,
if he tests them;

“osārehi ayyā”ti vuccamāno, osāreti,
if he recites when asked to do so;

pañhaṁ pucchati,
if he asks a question;

pañhaṁ puṭṭho katheti,
if he replies when asked a question;

aññassatthāya bhaṇantaṁ bhikkhuniyo suṇanti,
if he is speaking for the benefit of someone else and the nuns listen in;

sikkhamānāya,
if it is to a trainee nun;

sāmaṇeriyā,
if it is to a novice nun;

ummattakassa,
if he is insane;

ādikammikassāti.
if he is the first offender.

Atthaṅgatasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dutiyaṁ.
The training rule on set, the second, is finished.