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50. Uyyodhikasikkhāpada

The training rule on battles

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
On one occasion when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery,

Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū dirattatirattaṁ senāya vasamānā uyyodhikampi balaggampi senābyūhampi anīkadassanampi gacchanti.
the monks from the group of six were staying with the army for two or three nights. They went to see battles, troop reviews, the massing of the army, and troop inspections.

Aññataropi chabbaggiyo bhikkhu uyyodhikaṁ gantvā kaṇḍena paṭividdho hoti.
One of the monks who went to a battle was struck by an arrow.

Manussā taṁ bhikkhuṁ uppaṇḍesuṁ—
People teased him,

“kacci, bhante, suyuddhaṁ ahosi, kati te lakkhāni laddhānī”ti?
“We hope you had a good battle, Venerable. How many targets did you hit?”

So bhikkhu tehi manussehi uppaṇḍiyamāno maṅku ahosi.
And because they teased him, he felt humiliated.

Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
People complained and criticized those monks,

“kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā uyyodhikaṁ dassanāya āgacchissanti.
“How can the Sakyan monastics go to see a battle?

Amhākampi alābhā, amhākampi dulladdhaṁ, ye mayaṁ ājīvassa hetu puttadārassa kāraṇā uyyodhikaṁ āgacchāmā”ti.
It’s our misfortune that we must go to battles for the sake of our livelihoods and because of our wives and children.”

Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ.
The monks heard the complaints of those people,

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks,

“kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū uyyodhikaṁ dassanāya gacchissantī”ti …pe…
“How could the monks from the group of six go to see a battle?” …

“saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, uyyodhikaṁ dassanāya gacchathā”ti?
“Is it true, monks, that you did this?”

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them …

kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, uyyodhikaṁ dassanāya gacchissatha.
“Foolish men, how could you do this?

Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Dirattatirattañce bhikkhu senāya vasamāno uyyodhikaṁ vā balaggaṁ vā senābyūhaṁ vā anīkadassanaṁ vā gaccheyya, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a monk who is staying with an army for two or three nights goes to a battle, a troop review, a massing of the army, or a troop inspection, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Dirattatirattañce bhikkhu senāya vasamānoti
If a monk who is staying with an army for two or three nights:

dvetisso rattiyo vasamāno.
he is staying for two or for three nights.

Uyyodhikaṁ nāma
A battle:

yattha sampahāro dissati.
wherever fighting is seen.

Balaggaṁ nāma
A troop review:

ettakā hatthī, ettakā assā, ettakā rathā, ettakā pattī.
so many elephants, so many horses, so many chariots, so much infantry.

Senābyūhaṁ nāma
A massing of the army:

ito hatthī hontu, ito assā hontu, ito rathā hontu, ito pattikā hontu.
the elephants should set out from here; the horses should set out from here; the chariots should set out from here; the infantry should set out from here.

Anīkaṁ nāma
A troop:

hatthānīkaṁ, assānīkaṁ, rathānīkaṁ, pattānīkaṁ.
an elephant troop, a horse troop, a chariot troop, an infantry troop.

Tayo hatthī pacchimaṁ hatthānīkaṁ, tayo assā pacchimaṁ assānīkaṁ, tayo rathā pacchimaṁ rathānīkaṁ, cattāro purisā sarahatthā pattī pacchimaṁ pattānīkaṁ.
The smallest troop of elephants is three elephants; the smallest troop of horses is three horses; the smallest troop of chariots is three chariots; the smallest troop of infantry is four men with arrows in hand.

Dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he is on his way to see it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Yattha ṭhito passati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
Wherever he stands to see it, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Dassanūpacāraṁ vijahitvā punappunaṁ passati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
Every time he goes beyond the range of sight and then sees it again, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Ekamekaṁ dassanāya gacchati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he is on his way to see one division of a fourfold army, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Yattha ṭhito passati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
Wherever he stands to see it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Dassanūpacāraṁ vijahitvā punappunaṁ passati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
Every time he goes beyond the range of sight and then sees it again, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Anāpatti—
There is no offense:

ārāme ṭhito passati,
if he sees it while standing in a monastery;

bhikkhussa ṭhitokāsaṁ vā nisinnokāsaṁ vā nipannokāsaṁ vā āgantvā sampahāro dissati,
if the army comes to where the monk is standing, sitting, or lying down, and he then sees fighting;

paṭipathaṁ gacchanto passati,
if he sees it while walking in the opposite direction;

sati karaṇīye gantvā passati,
if he goes because there is something to be done, and he then sees it;

āpadāsu,
if there is an emergency;

ummattakassa,
if he is insane;

ādikammikassāti.
if he is the first offender.

Uyyodhikasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ dasamaṁ.
The training rule on battles, the tenth, is finished.

Acelakavaggo pañcamo.
The fifth subchapter on naked ascetics is finished.

Tassuddānaṁ
This is the summary:

Pūvaṁ kathopanandassa,
“Pastry, talking, three on Upananda,

tayaṁpaṭṭhākameva ca;
And indeed supporting;

Mahānāmo pasenadi,
Mahānāma, Pasenadi,

senāviddho ime dasāti.
Army, and struck: those are the ten.”