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56. Jotikasikkhāpada

The training rule on fire

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā bhaggesu viharati susumāragire bhesakaḷāvane migadāye.
At one time the Buddha was staying in the Bhagga country at Susumāragira in the Bhesakaḷā Grove, the deer park.

Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū hemantike kāle aññataraṁ mahantaṁ susirakaṭṭhaṁ jotiṁ samādahitvā visibbesuṁ.
At that time, during winter, the monks were warming themselves after setting fire to a hollow log.

Tasmiñca susire kaṇhasappo agginā santatto nikkhamitvā bhikkhū paripātesi.
Heated by the fire, a black snake came out of the log and attacked the monks.

Bhikkhū tahaṁ tahaṁ upadhāviṁsu.
The monks ran here and there.

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
The monks of few desires complained and criticized them,

“kathañhi nāma bhikkhū jotiṁ samādahitvā visibbessantī”ti …pe…
“How could those monks light a fire to warm themselves?” …

“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū jotiṁ samādahitvā visibbentī”ti?
“Is it true, monks, that monks did this?”

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them …

kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā jotiṁ samādahitvā visibbessanti.
“How could those foolish men do this?

Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Yo pana bhikkhu visibbanāpekkho jotiṁ samādaheyya vā samādahāpeyya vā, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a monk lights a fire to warm himself, or has one lit, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.
In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks.

Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū gilānā honti.
At one time a number of monks were sick.

Gilānapucchakā bhikkhū gilāne bhikkhū etadavocuṁ—
The monks who were looking after them asked,

“kaccāvuso, khamanīyaṁ, kacci yāpanīyan”ti?
“I hope you’re bearing up? I hope you’re getting better?”

“Pubbe mayaṁ, āvuso, jotiṁ samādahitvā visibbema;
“Previously we lit a fire to warm ourselves,

tena no phāsu hoti.
and then we were comfortable.

Idāni pana ‘bhagavatā paṭikkhittan’ti kukkuccāyantā na visibbema, tena no na phāsu hotī”ti.
But now that the Buddha has prohibited this, we don’t warm ourselves because we’re afraid of wrongdoing. Because of that we’re not comfortable.”

Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…
They told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he gave a teaching and addressed the monks:

anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānena bhikkhunā jotiṁ samādahitvā vā samādahāpetvā vā visibbetuṁ.
“Monks, I allow a sick monk to light a fire to warm himself, or to have one lit.

Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Yo pana bhikkhu agilāno visibbanāpekkho jotiṁ samādaheyya vā samādahāpeyya vā, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a monk who is not sick lights a fire to warm himself, or has one lit, he commits an offense entailing confession.’

Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.
In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks.

Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū padīpepi jotikepi jantāgharepi kukkuccāyanti.
Soon afterwards the monks did not light lamps, small fires, or saunas because they were afraid of wrongdoing.

Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…
They told the Buddha …

anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tathārūpappaccayā jotiṁ samādahituṁ samādahāpetuṁ.
“Monks, I allow you to light a fire, or to have one lit, if there’s a suitable reason.

Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Yo pana bhikkhu agilāno visibbanāpekkho jotiṁ samādaheyya vā samādahāpeyya vā, aññatra tathārūpappaccayā, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a monk who is not sick lights a fire to warm himself, or has one lit, except if there is a suitable reason, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Yo panāti
A:

yo yādiso …pe…
whoever …

bhikkhūti
Monk:

…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
…The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.

Agilāno nāma
Who is not sick:

yassa vinā agginā phāsu hoti.
who is comfortable without a fire.

Gilāno nāma
Who is sick:

yassa vinā agginā na phāsu hoti.
who is not comfortable without a fire.

Visibbanāpekkhoti
To warm himself:

tappitukāmo.
wanting to heat himself.

Joti nāma
A fire:

aggi vuccati.
flames are what is meant.

Samādaheyyāti
Lights:

sayaṁ samādahati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
if he lights it himself, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Samādahāpeyyāti
Has one lit:

aññaṁ āṇāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
if he asks another, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Sakiṁ āṇatto bahukampi samādahati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If he only asks once, then even if the other lights many fires, he commits one offense entailing confession.

Aññatra tathā rūpappaccayāti
Except if there is a suitable reason:

ṭhapetvā tathārūpappaccayaṁ.
unless there is a suitable reason.

Agilāno agilānasaññī visibbanāpekkho jotiṁ samādahati vā samādahāpeti vā, aññatra tathārūpappaccayā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If he is not sick, and he does not perceive himself as sick, and he lights a fire to warm himself, or has one lit, except if there is a suitable reason, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Agilāno vematiko visibbanāpekkho jotiṁ samādahati vā samādahāpeti vā, aññatra tathārūpappaccayā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If he is not sick, but he is unsure of it, and he lights a fire to warm himself, or has one lit, except if there is a suitable reason, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Agilāno gilānasaññī visibbanāpekkho jotiṁ samādahati vā samādahāpeti vā, aññatra tathārūpappaccayā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If he is not sick, but he perceives himself as sick, and he lights a fire to warm himself, or has one lit, except if there is a suitable reason, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Paṭilātaṁ ukkhipati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he puts back a burning piece of wood that has fallen off, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Gilāno agilānasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he is sick, but he does not perceive himself as sick, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Gilāno vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he is sick, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Gilāno gilānasaññī, anāpatti.
If he is sick, and he perceives himself as sick, there is no offense.

Anāpatti—
There is no offense:

gilānassa,
if he is sick;

aññena kataṁ visibbeti,
if he warms himself over a fire lit by another;

vītaccitaṅgāraṁ visibbeti,
if he warms himself over flameless coals;

padīpe jotike jantāghare tathārūpappaccayā,
if he lights a lamp, a small fire, or a sauna, when there is a suitable reason;

āpadāsu,
if there is an emergency;

ummattakassa,
if he is insane;

ādikammikassāti.
if he is the first offender.

Jotikasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ chaṭṭhaṁ.
The training rule on fire, the sixth, is finished.