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64. Duṭṭhullasikkhāpada

The training rule on what is grave

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
At one time when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery,

Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā upanando sakyaputto sañcetanikaṁ sukkavissaṭṭhiṁ āpattiṁ āpajjitvā bhātuno saddhivihārikassa bhikkhuno ārocesi—
Venerable Upananda the Sakyan had committed an offense of intentional emission of semen.

“ahaṁ, āvuso, sañcetanikaṁ sukkavissaṭṭhiṁ āpattiṁ āpanno.
He told his brother’s student about this,

Mā kassaci ārocehī”ti.
adding, “Don’t tell anyone.”

Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu sañcetanikaṁ sukkavissaṭṭhiṁ āpattiṁ āpajjitvā saṅghaṁ tassā āpattiyā parivāsaṁ yāci.
Soon afterwards another monk also committed an offense of intentional emission of semen. He asked the Sangha for probation,

Tassa saṅgho tassā āpattiyā parivāsaṁ adāsi.
which he got.

So parivasanto taṁ bhikkhuṁ passitvā etadavoca—
While he was on probation, he saw Upananda’s brother’s student and said to him,

“ahaṁ, āvuso, sañcetanikaṁ sukkavissaṭṭhiṁ āpattiṁ āpajjitvā saṅghaṁ tassā āpattiyā parivāsaṁ yāciṁ, tassa me saṅgho tassā āpattiyā parivāsaṁ adāsi, sohaṁ parivasāmi, vediyāmahaṁ, āvuso, vediyatīti maṁ āyasmā dhāretū”ti.
“I’ve committed an offense of intentional emission of semen. I asked the Sangha for probation, which I got. I’m now undergoing probation. Please remember me as such.”

“Kiṁ nu kho, āvuso, yo aññopi imaṁ āpattiṁ āpajjati sopi evaṁ karotī”ti?
“Do others who have committed this offense need to do the same?”

“Evamāvuso”ti.
“Yes.”

“Ayaṁ, āvuso, āyasmā upanando sakyaputto sañcetanikaṁ sukkavissaṭṭhiṁ āpattiṁ āpajjitvā so me āroceti mā kassaci ārocehī”ti.
“Venerable Upananda committed this offense and told me not to tell anyone.”

“Kiṁ pana tvaṁ, āvuso, paṭicchādesī”ti?
“So did you conceal it?”

“Evamāvuso”ti.
“Yes.”

Atha kho so bhikkhu bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesi.
That monk then told other monks.

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
The monks of few desires complained and criticized him,

“kathañhi nāma bhikkhu bhikkhussa jānaṁ duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ paṭicchādessatī”ti …pe…
“How could a monk knowingly conceal a monk’s grave offense?” …

“saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, bhikkhu, bhikkhussa jānaṁ duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ paṭicchādesī”ti.
“Is it true, monk, that you did this?”

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked him …

kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, moghapurisa, bhikkhussa jānaṁ duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ paṭicchādessasi.
“Foolish man, how could you do this?

Netaṁ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhussa jānaṁ duṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ paṭicchādeyya, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a monk knowingly conceals a monk’s grave offense, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Yo panāti
A:

yo yādiso …pe…
whoever …

bhikkhūti
Monk:

…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
… The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.

Bhikkhussāti
A monk’s:

aññassa bhikkhussa.
another monk’s.

Jānāti nāma
Knowingly:

sāmaṁ vā jānāti aññe vā tassa ārocenti, so vā āroceti.
he knows by himself or others have told him or the offender has told him.

Duṭṭhullā nāma āpatti
Grave offense:

cattāri ca pārājikāni terasa ca saṅghādisesā.
the four offenses entailing expulsion and the thirteen entailing suspension.

Paṭicchādeyyāti
Conceals:

“imaṁ jānitvā codessanti, sāressanti khuṁsessanti, vambhessanti, maṅkuṁ karissanti nārocessāmī”ti dhuraṁ nikkhittamatte, āpatti pācittiyassa.
thinking, “If they find out about this, they’ll accuse him, remind him, scold him, censure him, humiliate him; I won’t tell,” then by the mere fact of abandoning his duty, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Duṭṭhullāya āpattiyā duṭṭhullāpattisaññī paṭicchādeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If it is a grave offense, and he perceives it as such, and he conceals it, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Duṭṭhullāya āpattiyā vematiko paṭicchādeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it is a grave offense, but he is unsure of it, and he conceals it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Duṭṭhullāya āpattiyā aduṭṭhullāpattisaññī paṭicchādeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it is a grave offense, but he perceives it as minor, and he conceals it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Aduṭṭhullaṁ āpattiṁ paṭicchādeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he conceals a minor offense, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Anupasampannassa duṭṭhullaṁ vā aduṭṭhullaṁ vā ajjhācāraṁ paṭicchādeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he conceals the grave or minor misconduct of one who is not fully ordained, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā duṭṭhullāpattisaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it is a minor offense, but he perceives it as grave, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it is a minor offense, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Aduṭṭhullāya āpattiyā aduṭṭhullāpattisaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it is a minor offense, and he perceives it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Anāpatti—
There is no offense:

“saṅghassa bhaṇḍanaṁ vā kalaho vā viggaho vā vivādo vā bhavissatī”ti nāroceti,
if he does not tell because he thinks there will be quarrels or disputes in the Sangha;

“saṅghabhedo vā saṅgharāji vā bhavissatī”ti nāroceti,
if he does not tell because he thinks there will be a fracture or schism in the Sangha;

“ayaṁ kakkhaḷo pharuso jīvitantarāyaṁ vā brahmacariyantarāyaṁ vā karissatī”ti nāroceti,
if he does not tell because he thinks the person he is telling about is cruel and harsh and that he might become a threat to life or to the monastic life;

aññe patirūpe bhikkhū apassanto nāroceti,
if he does not tell because he does not see any suitable monks;

nachādetukāmo nāroceti,
if he does not tell, but not because he wants to conceal;

“paññāyissati sakena kammenā”ti nāroceti,
if he does not tell because he thinks the other person will be known through his own actions;

ummattakassa,
if he is insane;

ādikammikassāti.
if he is the first offender.

Duṭṭhullasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ catutthaṁ.
The training rule on what is grave, the fourth, is finished.