Parivāra
Translators: brahmali
The Compendium
3. Samuṭṭhānasīsasaṅkhepa
The contraction headed by origin
1. Samuṭṭhānassuddāna
1. Summary of origins
Aniccā sabbe saṅkhārā,
“All phenomena are impermanent,
dukkhānattā ca saṅkhatā;
Suffering, nonself, made up;
Nibbānañceva paññatti,
Indeed the description extinguishment
anattā iti nicchayā.
Is the conviction about nonself.
Buddhacande anuppanne,
When the Buddha moon has not appeared,
buddhādicce anuggate;
When the Buddha sun has not yet risen,
Tesaṁ sabhāgadhammānaṁ,
Then even the name is not known,
nāmamattaṁ na nāyati.
Of their complementary qualities.
Dukkaraṁ vividhaṁ katvā,
Having done what is difficult,
pūrayitvāna pāramī;
Having fulfilled the perfections,
Uppajjanti mahāvīrā,
The Great Heroes emerge,
cakkhubhūtā sabrahmake.
Endowed with vision, in this world with its supreme beings.
Te desayanti saddhammaṁ,
They instruct in the True Teaching
dukkhahāniṁ sukhāvahaṁ;
That ends suffering and brings happiness.
Aṅgīraso sakyamuni,
Angīrasa, the Sakyan Sage,
sabbabhūtānukampako.
He with compassion to all beings,
Sabbasattuttamo sīho,
The best of all creatures, the lion,
piṭake tīṇi desayi;
Taught the three Collections:
Suttantamabhidhammañca,
The Discourses, the Philosophy,
vinayañca mahāguṇaṁ.
And the Monastic Law, of great quality.
Evaṁ nīyati saddhammo,
Thus the true Teaching carries on
vinayo yadi tiṭṭhati;
So long as the Monastic Law remains,
Ubhato ca vibhaṅgāni,
As well as both Analyses,
khandhakā yā ca mātikā.
The Chapters, and the Key Terms—
Mālā suttaguṇeneva,
A garland bound
parivārena ganthitā;
By the quality of the string of the Compendium.
Tasseva parivārassa,
In this very Compendium
samuṭṭhānaṁ niyato kataṁ.
Origin is determined.
Sambhedaṁ nidānañcaññaṁ,
Origin and source are different,
sutte dissanti upari;
Which is pointed out in the list below.
Tasmā sikkhe parivāraṁ,
Therefore, they should train in the Compendium,
dhammakāmo supesaloti.
Those who love the Teaching and are highly virtuous.”
2. Terasasamuṭṭhāna
2. The thirteen origins
Vibhaṅge dvīsu paññattaṁ,
Laid down in the two analyses,
uddisanti uposathe;
Recited on the observance day;
Pavakkhāmi samuṭṭhānaṁ,
I will declare the origin,
yathāñāyaṁ suṇātha me.
According to the method: listen to me.
Pārājikaṁ yaṁ paṭhamaṁ,
The first offense entailing expulsion,
dutiyañca tato paraṁ;
And then the second;
Sañcarittānubhāsanañca,
Matchmaker and pressing,
atirekañca cīvaraṁ.
And an extra robe.
Lomāni padasodhammo,
Wool, memorizing the Teaching,
bhūtaṁ saṁvidhānena ca;
True, and by appointment,
Theyyadesanacorī ca,
Thieves, teaching, and female criminal,
ananuññātāya terasa.
Lack of permission is the thirteenth.
Terasete samuṭṭhāna-
These are the thirteen origins,
nayā viññūhi cintitā;
The method thought out by the wise.
Ekekasmiṁ samuṭṭhāne,
When having a single origin,
sadisā idha dissare.
Those that are alike are shown here.
2.1. Paṭhamapārājikasamuṭṭhāna
2.1. The origin of the first offense entailing expulsion
Methunaṁ sukkasaṁsaggo,
Sexual intercourse, semen, contact,
aniyatā paṭhamikā;
The first undetermined offense;
Pubbūpaparipācitā,
Arrived before, had prepared,
raho bhikkhuniyā saha.
With a nun in private.
Sabhojane raho dve ca,
Lustful, and two in private,
aṅguli udake hasaṁ;
Finger, playing in the water;
Pahāre uggire ceva,
Hitting, and raising,
tepaññāsā ca sekhiyā.
And fifty-three on training,
Adhakkhagāmāvassutā,
Below the collar bone, village, lustful,
talamaṭṭhañca suddhikā;
Palm, and dildo, cleaning,
Vassaṁvuṭṭhā ca ovādaṁ,
And completed the rainy-season residence, instruction,
nānubandhe pavattiniṁ.
If she does not follow the mentor.
Chasattati ime sikkhā,
These seventy-six training rules,
kāyamānasikā katā;
Done from body and mind,
Sabbe ekasamuṭṭhānā,
All have one origin,
paṭhamaṁ pārājikaṁ yathā.
Like the first offense entailing expulsion.
Paṭhamapārājikasamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the first offense entailing expulsion is finished.
2.2. Dutiyapārājikasamuṭṭhāna
2.2. The origin of the second offense entailing expulsion
Adinnaṁ viggahuttari,
Not given, form, super,
duṭṭhullā attakāminaṁ;
Indecent, his own needs;
Amūlā aññabhāgiyā,
Groundless, unrelated,
aniyatā dutiyikā.
The second undetermined offense.
Acchinde pariṇāmane,
Should take back away, in intending,
musā omasapesuṇā;
Falsely, abusive, and malicious talebearing;
Duṭṭhullā pathavīkhaṇe,
Grave offense, should dig the earth,
bhūtaṁ aññāya ujjhāpe.
Plant, with evasion, should complaining.
Nikkaḍḍhanaṁ siñcanañca,
Throwing out, and sprinkling,
āmisahetu bhuttāvī;
For the sake of worldly gain, finished his meal;
Ehi anādari bhiṁsā,
Come, disrespect, scaring,
apanidhe ca jīvitaṁ.
And should hide, life.
Jānaṁ sappāṇakaṁ kammaṁ,
That they knows contains living beings, legal procedure,
ūnasaṁvāsanāsanā;
Less than, doing formal meetings with, expulsion;
Sahadhammikavilekhā,
Legitimately, annoyance,
moho amūlakena ca.
Deception, and with groundless.
Kukkuccaṁ dhammikaṁ cīvaraṁ datvā,
Anxious, legitimate, gives out a robe,
Pariṇāmeyya puggale;
Should divert to an individual;
Kiṁ te akālaṁ acchinde,
What to you, out-of-season, should take,
Duggahī nirayena ca.
Because of misunderstanding, and with hell.
Gaṇaṁ vibhaṅgaṁ dubbalaṁ,
Group, distribution, uncertain,
kathināphāsupassayaṁ;
Robe-making season, ill at ease, dwelling place;
Akkosacaṇḍī maccharī,
Abuse, enraged, stingy,
gabbhinī ca pāyantiyā.
And pregnant, breastfeeding.
Dvevassaṁ sikkhā saṅghena,
Two years, training through the Sangha,
tayo ceva gihīgatā;
And three on married girls;
Kumāribhūtā tisso ca,
And three on unmarried girl,
ūnadvādasasammatā.
Less than twelve, without approval.
Alaṁ tāva sokāvāsaṁ,
Enough, difficult to live with,
chandā anuvassā ca dve;
Consent, and every year, two.
Sikkhāpadā sattatime,
These seventy training rules
samuṭṭhānā tikā katā.
Have three origins:
Kāyacittena na vācā,
From body and mind, not from speech;
vācācittaṁ na kāyikaṁ;
Or from speech and mind, not from body;
Tīhi dvārehi jāyanti,
Or they are produced from the three doors—
pārājikaṁ dutiyaṁ yathā.
As is the second offense entailing expulsion.
Dutiyapārājikasamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the second offense entailing expulsion is finished.
2.3. Sañcarittasamuṭṭhāna
2.3. The origin of the offense for matchmaking
Sañcarī kuṭi vihāro,
Matchmaking, hut, dwelling,
dhovanañca paṭiggaho;
And washing, receiving;
Viññattuttari abhihaṭṭhuṁ,
Asking, invites to take more than,
ubhinnaṁ dūtakena ca.
Of both, and with messenger.
Kosiyā suddhadvebhāgā,
Silk, entirely, two parts,
chabbassāni nisīdanaṁ;
Six years, sitting mat;
Riñcanti rūpikā ceva,
They neglect, and money,
ubho nānappakārakā.
Two on various kinds.
Ūnabandhanavassikā,
Fewer than five mends, rainy season,
suttaṁ vikappanena ca;
Thread, and with specification;
Dvāradānasibbāni ca,
Door, and giving, and sewing,
pūvapaccayajoti ca.
Pastry, requisite, and fire.
Ratanaṁ sūci mañco ca,
Precious things, needle, and bed,
tūlaṁ nisīdanakaṇḍu ca;
Cotton down, sitting mat, and itch;
Vassikā ca sugatena,
Rainy-season, and by the standard,
viññatti aññaṁ cetāpanā.
Asking, exchanging for something else.
Dve saṅghikā mahājanikā dve,
Two on belonging to the Sangha, two on collective,
Puggalalahukā garu;
Individual, light, heavy;
Dve vighāsā sāṭikā ca,
Two on food scraps, and bathing robe,
Samaṇacīvarena ca.
And with a monastic robe.
Samapaññāsime dhammā,
These exactly fifty rules
chahi ṭhānehi jāyare;
Are produced for six reasons:
Kāyato na vācācittā,
From body, not from speech or mind;
vācato na kāyamanā.
From speech, not from body or mind;
Kāyavācā na ca cittā,
From body and speech, not from mind;
kāyacittā na vācikā;
From body and mind, not from speech;
Vācācittā na kāyena,
From speech and mind, not from body;
tīhi dvārehi jāyare;
Or they are produced from the three doors.
Chasamuṭṭhānikā ete,
They have six origins,
sañcarittena sādisā.
As it is with matchmaking.
Sañcarittasamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the offense for matchmaking is finished.
2.4. Samanubhāsanāsamuṭṭhāna
2.4. The origin of the offense on pressing
Bhedānuvattadubbaca-
Schism, those who side with, difficult to correct,
dūsaduṭṭhulladiṭṭhi ca;
Corrupter, grave, and view;
Chandaṁ ujjagghikā dve ca,
Consent, and two on laughing loudly,
dve ca saddā na byāhare.
And two on noise, should not speak.
Chamā nīcāsane ṭhānaṁ,
The ground, on a low seat, standing,
pacchato uppathena ca;
Behind, and off the path;
Vajjānuvattigahaṇā,
Offenses, taking sides with, holding,
osāre paccācikkhanā.
Should reinstate, renouncing,
Kismiṁ saṁsaṭṭhā dve vadhi,
A, two on socializing, beating,
Visibbe dukkhitāya ca;
Should unstitch, and with suffering;
Puna saṁsaṭṭhā na vūpasame,
Again socializing, should not resolve,
Ārāmañca pavāraṇā.
And monastery, inviting correction.
Anvaddhaṁ saha jīviniṁ dve,
Every half, two on disciple,
Cīvaraṁ anubandhanā;
Robe, following.
Sattatiṁsa ime dhammā,
These thirty-seven rules
Kāyavācāya cittato;
Are from body, speech and mind.
Sabbe ekasamuṭṭhānā,
All have one origin,
Samanubhāsanā yathā.
As the rule on pressing.
Samanubhāsanāsamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the offense on pressing is finished.
2.5. Kathinasamuṭṭhāna
2.5. The origin of the offense on the robe-making ceremony
Ubbhataṁ kathinaṁ tīṇi,
Three on the end of the robe-making season,
paṭhamaṁ pattabhesajjaṁ;
The first on bowl, medicines;
Accekaṁ cāpi sāsaṅkaṁ,
And also haste, risky,
pakkamantena vā duve.
And two with departing.
Upassayaṁ paramparā,
Dwelling place, one before another,
anatirittaṁ nimantanā;
Not left over, invitation;
Vikappaṁ rañño vikāle,
Assignment, of a king, at the wrong time,
vosāsāraññakena ca.
Giving directions, and with wilderness.
Ussayāsannicayañca,
Litigious, and collection,
pure pacchā vikāle ca;
Before, after, and at the wrong time;
Pañcāhikā saṅkamanī,
Five days, borrowed,
dvepi āvasathena ca.
And two with monastery.
Pasākhe āsane ceva,
On the thigh, and on a seat—
tiṁsa ekūnakā ime;
These twenty-nine
Kāyavācā na ca cittā,
Are from body and speech, not from mind;
tīhi dvārehi jāyare;
Or they are produced from the three doors;
Dvisamuṭṭhānikā sabbe,
All have two origins,
kathinena sahā samā.
The same as with the robe-making ceremony.
Kathinasamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the offense on the robe-making ceremony is finished.
2.6. Eḷakalomasamuṭṭhāna
2.6. The origin of the offense on wool
Eḷakalomā dve seyyā,
Wool, two on sleeping place,
āhacca piṇḍabhojanaṁ;
Detachable, eating an alms-meal;
Gaṇavikālasannidhi,
Group, at the wrong time, store,
dantaponena celakā.
With tooth cleaner, naked ascetic.
Uyyuttaṁ senaṁ uyyodhi,
Mobilized, army, battle,
surā orena nhāyanā;
Alcohol, bathing at less than;
Dubbaṇṇe dve desanikā,
On stains, two on acknowlegment,
lasuṇupatiṭṭhe naccanā.
Garlic, should attend on, dancing.
Nhānamattharaṇaṁ seyyā,
Bathing, sheet, sleeping place,
antoraṭṭhe tathā bahi;
Within her own country, and so outside;
Antovassaṁ cittāgāraṁ,
During the rainy season, pleasure house,
āsandi suttakantanā.
Couch, spinning yarn.
Veyyāvaccaṁ sahatthā ca,
Service, and personally,
abhikkhukāvāsena ca;
And with a monastery without monks;
Chattaṁ yānañca saṅghāṇiṁ,
Sunshade, and vehicle, hip ornament,
alaṅkāraṁ gandhavāsitaṁ.
Jewellery, scents, scented.
Bhikkhunī sikkhamānā ca,
Nun, and trainee nun,
sāmaṇerī gihiniyā;
Novice nun, and with female householder;
Asaṅkaccikā āpatti,
The offense for lacking a chest wrap:
cattārīsā catuttari.
The forty-four rules
Kāyena na vācācittena,
Are from body, not from speech or mind;
kāyacittena na vācato;
Or from body body and mind, not from speech.
Dvisamuṭṭhānikā sabbe,
All have two origins,
samā eḷakalomikāti.
The same as “wool”.
Eḷakalomasamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the offense on wool is finished.
2.7. Padasodhammasamuṭṭhāna
2.7. The origin of the offense for memorizing the Teaching
Padaññatra asammatā,
Memorizing, except, not appointed,
tathā atthaṅgatena ca;
And also sunset;
Tiracchānavijjā dve vuttā,
Two spoken on pointless knowledge,
anokāso ca pucchanā.
And asking without permission:
Satta sikkhāpadā ete,
These seven training rules
vācā na kāyacittato;
Are from speech, not from body or mind;
Vācācittena jāyanti,
Or they are produced from speech and mind,
na tu kāyena jāyare;
Not from body.
Dvisamuṭṭhānikā sabbe,
All have two origins,
padasodhammasadisā.
As in memorizing the Teaching.
Padasodhammasamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the offense for memorizing the Teaching is finished.
2.8. Addhānasamuṭṭhāna
2.8. The origin of the offense for traveling
Addhānanāvaṁ paṇītaṁ,
Traveling, boat, fine,
mātugāmena saṁhare;
With a woman, should remove;
Dhaññaṁ nimantitā ceva,
Grain, and an offer,
aṭṭha ca pāṭidesanī.
And the eight to be acknowledged:
Sikkhā pannarasa ete,
These fifteen training rules
kāyā na vācā na manā;
Are from body, not from speech or mind;
Kāyavācāhi jāyanti,
Or they are produced from body and speech,
na te cittena jāyare.
Not from mind;
Kāyacittena jāyanti,
Or they are produced from body and mind,
na te jāyanti vācato;
Not from speech;
Kāyavācāhi cittena,
Or from body, speech and mind—
samuṭṭhānā catubbidhā;
The fourfold origin
Paññattā buddhañāṇena,
Laid down through the Buddha’s knowledge,
addhānena sahā samā.
As it is with the rule on traveling.
Addhānasamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the offense for traveling is finished.
2.9. Theyyasatthasamuṭṭhāna
2.9. The origin of the offense on a group of traveling thieves
Theyyasatthaṁ upassuti,
A group of traveling thieves, eavesdropping,
sūpaviññāpanena ca;
And with asking for bean curry;
Rattichannañca okāsaṁ,
Night, and concealed, out in the open,
ete byūhena sattamā.
With a cul-de-sac: these seven
Kāyacittena jāyanti,
Are produced from body and mind,
na te jāyanti vācato;
Not from speech;
Tīhi dvārehi jāyanti,
Or they are produced from the three doors.
dvisamuṭṭhānikā ime;
They have two origins,
Theyyasatthasamuṭṭhānā,
As the origin of a group of traveling thieves,
desitādiccabandhunā.
Taught by the Kinsman of the Sun.
Theyyasatthasamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the offense on a group of traveling thieves is finished.
2.10. Dhammadesanāsamuṭṭhāna
2.10. The origin of the offenses on giving a Teaching
Chattapāṇissa saddhammaṁ,
Someone holding a sunshade
na desenti tathāgatā;
The Buddhas do not instruct in the true Teaching;
Evameva daṇḍapāṇissa,
Nor someone holding a staff,
satthaāvudhapāṇinaṁ.
Or someone holding a knife or a weapon.
Pādukupāhanā yānaṁ,
Shoes, sandals, vehicle,
seyyapallatthikāya ca;
Lying down, and clasping their knees,
Veṭhitoguṇṭhito ceva,
Headdress, and covered head:
ekādasamanūnakā.
Eleven rules, not less,
Vācācittena jāyanti,
Produced from speech and mind,
na te jāyanti kāyato;
Not from body.
Sabbe ekasamuṭṭhānā,
All have one origin,
samakā dhammadesane.
Like the offenses on giving a teaching.
Dhammadesanāsamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the offenses on giving a Teaching is finished.
2.11. Bhūtārocanasamuṭṭhāna
2.11. The origin of the offense for telling truthfully
Bhūtaṁ kāyena jāyati,
Truthfully: produced from the body,
na vācā na ca cittato;
Not from speech or mind;
Vācato ca samuṭṭhāti,
Or it originates from speech,
na kāyā na ca cittato.
Not from body or mind;
Kāyavācāya jāyati,
Or it is produced from body and speech,
na tu jāyati cittato;
Not from mind.
Bhūtārocanakā nāma,
So informing of what is true
tīhi ṭhānehi jāyati.
Is produced for three reasons.
Bhūtārocanasamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the offense for telling truthfully is finished.
2.12. Corivuṭṭhāpanasamuṭṭhāna
2.12. The origin of the offense for the admission of a woman criminal
Corī vācāya cittena,
A woman criminal: produced from speech or mind,
na taṁ jāyati kāyato;
Not from body;
Jāyati tīhi dvārehi,
Or produced from the three doors.
corivuṭṭhāpanaṁ idaṁ;
This offense for admitting a woman criminal
Akataṁ dvisamuṭṭhānaṁ,
Has two origins,
dhammarājena bhāsitaṁ.
As spoken by the King of the Teaching.
Corivuṭṭhāpanasamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the offense for the admission of a woman criminal is finished.
2.13. Ananuññātasamuṭṭhāna
2.13. The origin of the offense for lack of permission
Ananuññātaṁ vācāya,
Lack of permission: from speech,
na kāyā na ca cittato;
Not from body or mind;
Jāyati kāyavācāya,
Or produced from body and speech,
na taṁ jāyati cittato.
Not from mind;
Jāyati vācācittena,
Or produced from speech and mind,
na taṁ jāyati kāyato;
Not from body;
Jāyati tīhi dvārehi,
It is born from three doors—Or produced from the three doors.
akataṁ catuṭhānikaṁ.
It does not have a fourth origin.
Ananuññātasamuṭṭhānaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The origin of the offense for lack of permission is finished.
Samuṭṭhānañhi saṅkhepaṁ,
“For the contraction on origins
dasa tīṇi sudesitaṁ;
Has thirteen classes that have been well taught;
Asammohakaraṁ ṭhānaṁ,
A cause for non-delusion,
nettidhammānulomikaṁ;
In accordance with the Teaching that guides,
Dhārayanto imaṁ viññū,
The wise person remembers this,
samuṭṭhāne na muyhatīti.
And is not confused about origins.”
Samuṭṭhānasīsasaṅkhepo niṭṭhito.
The contraction headed by origin is finished.