Dīgha Nikāya 6
Translators: sujato
Long Discourses 6
Mahālisutta
With Mahāli
1. Brāhmaṇadūtavatthu
1. On the Brahmin Emissaries
Evaṁ me sutaṁ—
So I have heard.
ekaṁ samayaṁ bhagavā vesāliyaṁ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṁ.
At one time the Buddha was staying near Vesālī, at the Great Wood, in the hall with the peaked roof.
Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā kosalakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā māgadhakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā vesāliyaṁ paṭivasanti kenacideva karaṇīyena.
Now at that time several brahmin emissaries from Kosala and Magadha were residing in Vesālī on some business.
Assosuṁ kho te kosalakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā māgadhakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā:
They heard:
“samaṇo khalu, bho, gotamo sakyaputto sakyakulā pabbajito vesāliyaṁ viharati mahāvane kūṭāgārasālāyaṁ.
“It seems the ascetic Gotama—a Sakyan, gone forth from a Sakyan family—is staying near Vesālī, at the Great Wood, in the hall with the peaked roof.
Taṁ kho pana bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ evaṁ kalyāṇo kittisaddo abbhuggato:
He has this good reputation:
‘itipi so bhagavā arahaṁ sammāsambuddho vijjācaraṇasampanno sugato lokavidū anuttaro purisadammasārathi satthā devamanussānaṁ buddho bhagavā’.
‘That Blessed One is perfected, a fully awakened Buddha, accomplished in knowledge and conduct, holy, knower of the world, supreme guide for those who wish to train, teacher of gods and humans, awakened, blessed.’
So imaṁ lokaṁ sadevakaṁ samārakaṁ sabrahmakaṁ sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiṁ pajaṁ sadevamanussaṁ sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā pavedeti.
He has realized with his own insight this world—with its gods, Māras and Brahmās, this population with its ascetics and brahmins, gods and humans—and he makes it known to others.
So dhammaṁ deseti ādikalyāṇaṁ majjhekalyāṇaṁ pariyosānakalyāṇaṁ sātthaṁ sabyañjanaṁ kevalaparipuṇṇaṁ parisuddhaṁ brahmacariyaṁ pakāseti.
He teaches Dhamma that’s good in the beginning, good in the middle, and good in the end, meaningful and well-phrased. And he reveals a spiritual practice that’s entirely full and pure.
Sādhu kho pana tathārūpānaṁ arahataṁ dassanaṁ hotī”ti.
It’s good to see such perfected ones.”
Atha kho te kosalakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā māgadhakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā yena mahāvanaṁ kūṭāgārasālā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu.
Then they went to the hall with the peaked roof in the Great Wood to see the Buddha.
Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā nāgito bhagavato upaṭṭhāko hoti.
Now, at that time Venerable Nāgita was the Buddha’s attendant.
Atha kho te kosalakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā māgadhakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā yenāyasmā nāgito tenupasaṅkamiṁsu. upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ nāgitaṁ etadavocuṁ:
The brahmin emissaries went up to him and said,
“kahaṁ nu kho, bho nāgita, etarahi so bhavaṁ gotamo viharati?
“Mister Nāgita, where is Mister Gotama at present?
Dassanakāmā hi mayaṁ taṁ bhavantaṁ gotaman”ti.
For we want to see him.”
“Akālo kho, āvuso, bhagavantaṁ dassanāya, paṭisallīno bhagavā”ti.
“It’s the wrong time to see the Buddha; he is on retreat.”
Atha kho te kosalakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā māgadhakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā tattheva ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu:
So right there the brahmin emissaries sat down to one side, thinking,
“disvāva mayaṁ taṁ bhavantaṁ gotamaṁ gamissāmā”ti.
“We’ll go only after we’ve seen Mister Gotama.”
2. Oṭṭhaddhalicchavīvatthu
2. On Oṭṭhaddha the Licchavi
Oṭṭhaddhopi licchavī mahatiyā licchavīparisāya saddhiṁ yena mahāvanaṁ kūṭāgārasālā yenāyasmā nāgito tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ nāgitaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṁ ṭhito kho oṭṭhaddhopi licchavī āyasmantaṁ nāgitaṁ etadavoca:
Oṭṭhaddha the Licchavi together with a large assembly of Licchavis also approached Nāgita at the hall with the peaked roof. He bowed, stood to one side, and said to Nāgita,
“kahaṁ nu kho, bhante nāgita, etarahi so bhagavā viharati arahaṁ sammāsambuddho,
“Mister Nāgita, where is the Blessed One at present, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha?
dassanakāmā hi mayaṁ taṁ bhagavantaṁ arahantaṁ sammāsambuddhan”ti.
For we want to see him.”
“Akālo kho, mahāli, bhagavantaṁ dassanāya, paṭisallīno bhagavā”ti.
“It’s the wrong time to see the Buddha; he is on retreat.”
Oṭṭhaddhopi licchavī tattheva ekamantaṁ nisīdi:
So right there Oṭṭhaddha also sat down to one side, thinking,
“disvāva ahaṁ taṁ bhagavantaṁ gamissāmi arahantaṁ sammāsambuddhan”ti.
“I’ll go only after I’ve seen the Blessed One, the perfected one, the fully awakened Buddha.”
Atha kho sīho samaṇuddeso yenāyasmā nāgito tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṁ nāgitaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṁ ṭhito kho sīho samaṇuddeso āyasmantaṁ nāgitaṁ etadavoca:
Then the novice Sīha approached Nāgita. He bowed, stood to one side, and said to Nāgita,
“ete, bhante kassapa, sambahulā kosalakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā māgadhakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā idhūpasaṅkantā bhagavantaṁ dassanāya; oṭṭhaddhopi licchavī mahatiyā licchavīparisāya saddhiṁ idhūpasaṅkanto bhagavantaṁ dassanāya, sādhu, bhante kassapa, labhataṁ esā janatā bhagavantaṁ dassanāyā”ti.
“Honorable Kassapa, these several brahmin emissaries from Kosala and Magadha, and also Oṭṭhaddha the Licchavi together with a large assembly of Licchavis, have come here to see the Buddha. It’d be good if these people got to see the Buddha.”
“Tena hi, sīha, tvaññeva bhagavato ārocehī”ti.
“Well then, Sīha, tell the Buddha yourself.”
“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho sīho samaṇuddeso āyasmato nāgitassa paṭissutvā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṁ ṭhito kho sīho samaṇuddeso bhagavantaṁ etadavoca:
“Yes, sir,” replied Sīha. He went to the Buddha, bowed, stood to one side, and told him of the people waiting to see him, adding:
“ete, bhante, sambahulā kosalakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā māgadhakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā idhūpasaṅkantā bhagavantaṁ dassanāya, oṭṭhaddhopi licchavī mahatiyā licchavīparisāya saddhiṁ idhūpasaṅkanto bhagavantaṁ dassanāya.
Sādhu, bhante, labhataṁ esā janatā bhagavantaṁ dassanāyā”ti.
“Sir, it’d be good if these people got to see the Buddha.”
“Tena hi, sīha, vihārapacchāyāyaṁ āsanaṁ paññapehī”ti.
“Well then, Sīha, spread out a seat in the shade of the dwelling.”
“Evaṁ, bhante”ti kho sīho samaṇuddeso bhagavato paṭissutvā vihārapacchāyāyaṁ āsanaṁ paññapesi.
“Yes, sir,” replied Sīha, and he did so.
Atha kho bhagavā vihārā nikkhamma vihārapacchāyāyaṁ paññatte āsane nisīdi.
Then the Buddha came out of his dwelling and sat in the shade of the dwelling on the seat spread out.
Atha kho te kosalakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā māgadhakā ca brāhmaṇadūtā yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṁsu; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavatā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu.
Then the brahmin emissaries went up to the Buddha, and exchanged greetings with him.
Sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ nisīdiṁsu.
When the greetings and polite conversation were over, they sat down to one side.
Oṭṭhaddhopi licchavī mahatiyā licchavīparisāya saddhiṁ yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ nisīdi. Ekamantaṁ nisinno kho oṭṭhaddho licchavī bhagavantaṁ etadavoca: “purimāni, bhante, divasāni purimatarāni sunakkhatto licchaviputto yenāhaṁ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṁ etadavoca:
Oṭṭhaddha the Licchavi together with a large assembly of Licchavis also went up to the Buddha, bowed, and sat down to one side. Oṭṭhaddha said to the Buddha, “Sir, a few days ago Sunakkhatta the Licchavi came to me and said:
‘yadagge ahaṁ, mahāli, bhagavantaṁ upanissāya viharāmi, na ciraṁ tīṇi vassāni, dibbāni hi kho rūpāni passāmi piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni, no ca kho dibbāni saddāni suṇāmi piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyānī’ti.
‘Mahāli, soon I will have been living in dependence on the Buddha for three years. I see divine sights that are pleasant, sensual, and arousing, but I don’t hear divine sounds that are pleasant, sensual, and arousing.’
Santāneva nu kho, bhante, sunakkhatto licchaviputto dibbāni saddāni nāssosi piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni, udāhu asantānī”ti?
The divine sounds that Sunakkhatta cannot hear: do such sounds really exist or not?”
2.1. Ekaṁsabhāvitasamādhi
2.1. One-Sided Immersion
“Santāneva kho, mahāli, sunakkhatto licchaviputto dibbāni saddāni nāssosi piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni, no asantānī”ti.
“Such sounds really do exist, but Sunakkhatta cannot hear them.”
“Ko nu kho, bhante, hetu, ko paccayo, yena santāneva sunakkhatto licchaviputto dibbāni saddāni nāssosi piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni, no asantānī”ti?
“What is the cause, sir, what is the reason why Sunakkhatta cannot hear them, even though they really do exist?”
“Idha, mahāli, bhikkhuno puratthimāya disāya ekaṁsabhāvito samādhi hoti dibbānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, no ca kho dibbānaṁ saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
“Mahāli, take a mendicant who has developed immersion to the eastern quarter in one aspect: so as to see divine sights but not to hear divine sounds.
So puratthimāya disāya ekaṁsabhāvite samādhimhi dibbānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, no ca kho dibbānaṁ saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
When they have developed immersion for that purpose,
Puratthimāya disāya dibbāni rūpāni passati piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni, no ca kho dibbāni saddāni suṇāti piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni.
they see divine sights but don’t hear divine sounds.
Taṁ kissa hetu?
Why is that?
Evañhetaṁ, mahāli, hoti bhikkhuno puratthimāya disāya ekaṁsabhāvite samādhimhi dibbānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, no ca kho dibbānaṁ saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
Because that is how it is for a mendicant who develops immersion in that way.
Puna caparaṁ, mahāli, bhikkhuno dakkhiṇāya disāya …pe…
Furthermore, take a mendicant who has developed immersion to the southern quarter in one aspect …
pacchimāya disāya …
western quarter …
uttarāya disāya …
northern quarter …
uddhamadho tiriyaṁ ekaṁsabhāvito samādhi hoti dibbānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, no ca kho dibbānaṁ saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
above, below, across …
So uddhamadho tiriyaṁ ekaṁsabhāvite samādhimhi dibbānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, no ca kho dibbānaṁ saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
Uddhamadho tiriyaṁ dibbāni rūpāni passati piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni, no ca kho dibbāni saddāni suṇāti piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni.
Taṁ kissa hetu?
Evañhetaṁ, mahāli, hoti bhikkhuno uddhamadho tiriyaṁ ekaṁsabhāvite samādhimhi dibbānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, no ca kho dibbānaṁ saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
That is how it is for a mendicant who develops immersion in that way.
Idha, mahāli, bhikkhuno puratthimāya disāya ekaṁsabhāvito samādhi hoti dibbānaṁ saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, no ca kho dibbānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
Take a mendicant who has developed immersion to the eastern quarter in one aspect: so as to hear divine sounds but not to see divine sights.
So puratthimāya disāya ekaṁsabhāvite samādhimhi dibbānaṁ saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, no ca kho dibbānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
When they have developed immersion for that purpose,
Puratthimāya disāya dibbāni saddāni suṇāti piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni, no ca kho dibbāni rūpāni passati piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni.
they hear divine sounds but don’t see divine sights.
Taṁ kissa hetu?
Why is that?
Evañhetaṁ, mahāli, hoti bhikkhuno puratthimāya disāya ekaṁsabhāvite samādhimhi dibbānaṁ saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, no ca kho dibbānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
Because that is how it is for a mendicant who develops immersion in that way.
Puna caparaṁ, mahāli, bhikkhuno dakkhiṇāya disāya …pe…
Furthermore, take a mendicant who has developed immersion to the southern quarter in one aspect …
pacchimāya disāya …
western quarter …
uttarāya disāya …
northern quarter …
uddhamadho tiriyaṁ ekaṁsabhāvito samādhi hoti dibbānaṁ saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, no ca kho dibbānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
above, below, across …
So uddhamadho tiriyaṁ ekaṁsabhāvite samādhimhi dibbānaṁ saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, no ca kho dibbānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
Uddhamadho tiriyaṁ dibbāni saddāni suṇāti piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni, no ca kho dibbāni rūpāni passati piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni.
Taṁ kissa hetu?
Evañhetaṁ, mahāli, hoti bhikkhuno uddhamadho tiriyaṁ ekaṁsabhāvite samādhimhi dibbānaṁ saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, no ca kho dibbānaṁ rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
That is how it is for a mendicant who develops immersion in that way.
Idha, mahāli, bhikkhuno puratthimāya disāya ubhayaṁsabhāvito samādhi hoti dibbānañca rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ dibbānañca saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
Take a mendicant who has developed immersion to the eastern quarter in both aspects: so as to hear divine sounds and see divine sights.
So puratthimāya disāya ubhayaṁsabhāvite samādhimhi dibbānañca rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, dibbānañca saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
When they have developed immersion for that purpose,
Puratthimāya disāya dibbāni ca rūpāni passati piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni, dibbāni ca saddāni suṇāti piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni.
they see divine sights and hear divine sounds.
Taṁ kissa hetu?
Why is that?
Evañhetaṁ, mahāli, hoti bhikkhuno puratthimāya disāya ubhayaṁsabhāvite samādhimhi dibbānañca rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ dibbānañca saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
Because that is how it is for a mendicant who develops immersion in that way.
Puna caparaṁ, mahāli, bhikkhuno dakkhiṇāya disāya …pe…
Furthermore, take a mendicant who has developed immersion to the southern quarter in both aspects …
pacchimāya disāya …
western quarter …
uttarāya disāya …
northern quarter …
uddhamadho tiriyaṁ ubhayaṁsabhāvito samādhi hoti dibbānañca rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, dibbānañca saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
above, below, across …
So uddhamadho tiriyaṁ ubhayaṁsabhāvite samādhimhi dibbānañca rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ dibbānañca saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
Uddhamadho tiriyaṁ dibbāni ca rūpāni passati piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni, dibbāni ca saddāni suṇāti piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni.
Taṁ kissa hetu?
Evañhetaṁ, mahāli, hoti bhikkhuno uddhamadho tiriyaṁ ubhayaṁsabhāvite samādhimhi dibbānañca rūpānaṁ dassanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ, dibbānañca saddānaṁ savanāya piyarūpānaṁ kāmūpasaṁhitānaṁ rajanīyānaṁ.
That is how it is for a mendicant who develops immersion in that way.
Ayaṁ kho, mahāli, hetu ayaṁ paccayo, yena santāneva sunakkhatto licchaviputto dibbāni saddāni nāssosi piyarūpāni kāmūpasaṁhitāni rajanīyāni, no asantānī”ti.
This is the cause, Mahāli, this is the reason why Sunakkhatta cannot hear divine sounds that are pleasant, sensual, and arousing, even though they really do exist.”
“Etāsaṁ nūna, bhante, samādhibhāvanānaṁ sacchikiriyāhetu bhikkhū bhagavati brahmacariyaṁ carantī”ti.
“Surely the mendicants must lead the spiritual life under the Buddha for the sake of realizing such a development of immersion?”
“Na kho, mahāli, etāsaṁ samādhibhāvanānaṁ sacchikiriyāhetu bhikkhū mayi brahmacariyaṁ caranti.
“No, Mahāli, the mendicants don’t lead the spiritual life under me for the sake of realizing such a development of immersion.
Atthi kho, mahāli, aññeva dhammā uttaritarā ca paṇītatarā ca, yesaṁ sacchikiriyāhetu bhikkhū mayi brahmacariyaṁ carantī”ti.
There are other things that are finer, for the sake of which the mendicants lead the spiritual life under me.”
2.2. Catuariyaphala
2.2. The Four Noble Fruits
“Katame pana te, bhante, dhammā uttaritarā ca paṇītatarā ca, yesaṁ sacchikiriyāhetu bhikkhū bhagavati brahmacariyaṁ carantī”ti?
“But sir, what are those finer things?”
“Idha, mahāli, bhikkhu tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā sotāpanno hoti avinipātadhammo niyato sambodhiparāyaṇo.
“Firstly, Mahāli, with the ending of three fetters a mendicant is a stream-enterer, not liable to be reborn in the underworld, bound for awakening.
Ayampi kho, mahāli, dhammo uttaritaro ca paṇītataro ca, yassa sacchikiriyāhetu bhikkhū mayi brahmacariyaṁ caranti.
This is one of the finer things for the sake of which the mendicants lead the spiritual life under me.
Puna caparaṁ, mahāli, bhikkhu tiṇṇaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā rāgadosamohānaṁ tanuttā sakadāgāmī hoti, sakideva imaṁ lokaṁ āgantvā dukkhassantaṁ karoti.
Furthermore, a mendicant—with the ending of three fetters, and the weakening of greed, hate, and delusion—is a once-returner. They come back to this world once only, then make an end of suffering.
Ayampi kho, mahāli, dhammo uttaritaro ca paṇītataro ca, yassa sacchikiriyāhetu bhikkhū mayi brahmacariyaṁ caranti.
This too is one of the finer things.
Puna caparaṁ, mahāli, bhikkhu pañcannaṁ orambhāgiyānaṁ saṁyojanānaṁ parikkhayā opapātiko hoti, tattha parinibbāyī, anāvattidhammo tasmā lokā.
Furthermore, with the ending of the five lower fetters, a mendicant is reborn spontaneously and will become extinguished there, not liable to return from that world.
Ayampi kho, mahāli, dhammo uttaritaro ca paṇītataro ca, yassa sacchikiriyāhetu bhikkhū mayi brahmacariyaṁ caranti.
This too is one of the finer things.
Puna caparaṁ, mahāli, bhikkhu āsavānaṁ khayā anāsavaṁ cetovimuttiṁ paññāvimuttiṁ diṭṭheva dhamme sayaṁ abhiññā sacchikatvā upasampajja viharati.
Furthermore, a mendicant has realized the undefiled freedom of heart and freedom by wisdom in this very life, and lives having realized it with their own insight due to the ending of defilements.
Ayampi kho, mahāli, dhammo uttaritaro ca paṇītataro ca, yassa sacchikiriyāhetu bhikkhū mayi brahmacariyaṁ caranti.
This too is one of the finer things.
Ime kho te, mahāli, dhammā uttaritarā ca paṇītatarā ca, yesaṁ sacchikiriyāhetu bhikkhū mayi brahmacariyaṁ carantī”ti.
These are the finer things, for the sake of which the mendicants lead the spiritual life under me.”
2.3. Ariyaaṭṭhaṅgikamagga
2.3. The Noble Eightfold Path
“Atthi pana, bhante, maggo atthi paṭipadā etesaṁ dhammānaṁ sacchikiriyāyā”ti?
“But, sir, is there a path and a practice for realizing these things?”
“Atthi kho, mahāli, maggo atthi paṭipadā etesaṁ dhammānaṁ sacchikiriyāyā”ti.
“There is, Mahāli.”
“Katamo pana, bhante, maggo katamā paṭipadā etesaṁ dhammānaṁ sacchikiriyāyā”ti?
“Well, what is it?”
“Ayameva ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo.
“It is simply this noble eightfold path, that is:
Seyyathidaṁ—sammādiṭṭhi sammāsaṅkappo sammāvācā sammākammanto sammāājīvo sammāvāyāmo sammāsati sammāsamādhi.
right view, right thought, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, and right immersion.
Ayaṁ kho, mahāli, maggo ayaṁ paṭipadā etesaṁ dhammānaṁ sacchikiriyāya.
This is the path and the practice for realizing these things.
2.4. Dvepabbajitavatthu
2.4. On the Two Renunciates
Ekamidāhaṁ, mahāli, samayaṁ kosambiyaṁ viharāmi ghositārāme.
This one time, Mahāli, I was staying near Kosambī, in Ghosita’s Monastery.
Atha kho dve pabbajitā—
Then two renunciates—
muṇḍiyo ca paribbājako jāliyo ca dārupattikantevāsī yenāhaṁ tenupasaṅkamiṁsu. upasaṅkamitvā mayā saddhiṁ sammodiṁsu.
the wanderer Muṇḍiya and Jāliya, the pupil of the wood-bowl ascetic—came and exchanged greetings with me.
Sammodanīyaṁ kathaṁ sāraṇīyaṁ vītisāretvā ekamantaṁ aṭṭhaṁsu. Ekamantaṁ ṭhitā kho te dve pabbajitā maṁ etadavocuṁ:
When the greetings and polite conversation were over, they stood to one side and said to me:
‘kiṁ nu kho, āvuso gotama, taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīraṁ, udāhu aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti?
‘Reverend Gotama, are the soul and the body the same thing, or they are different things?’
‘Tena hāvuso, suṇātha sādhukaṁ manasi karotha bhāsissāmī’ti.
‘Well then, reverends, listen and apply your mind well, I will speak.’
‘Evamāvuso’ti kho te dve pabbajitā mama paccassosuṁ.
‘Yes, reverend,’ they replied.
Ahaṁ etadavocaṁ:
I said this:
‘idhāvuso tathāgato loke uppajjati arahaṁ sammāsambuddho …pe…
‘Take the case when a Realized One arises in the world, perfected, a fully awakened Buddha …
Evaṁ kho, āvuso, bhikkhu sīlasampanno hoti.
That’s how a mendicant is accomplished in ethics. …
…pe…
Paṭhamaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.
They enter and remain in the first absorption.
Yo kho, āvuso, bhikkhu evaṁ jānāti evaṁ passati, kallaṁ nu kho tassetaṁ vacanāya:
When a mendicant knows and sees like this, would it be appropriate to say of them:
‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīran’ti vā ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti vāti?
“The soul and the body are the same thing” or “The soul and the body are different things”?’
Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu evaṁ jānāti evaṁ passati, kallaṁ tassetaṁ vacanāya:
‘It would, reverend.’
‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīran’ti vā, ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti vāti.
Ahaṁ kho panetaṁ, āvuso, evaṁ jānāmi evaṁ passāmi.
‘But reverends, I know and see like this.
Atha ca panāhaṁ na vadāmi:
Nevertheless, I do not say:
‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīran’ti vā ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti vā …pe…
“The soul and the body are the same thing” or “The soul and the body are different things”. …
dutiyaṁ jhānaṁ …
They enter and remain in the second absorption …
tatiyaṁ jhānaṁ …
third absorption …
catutthaṁ jhānaṁ upasampajja viharati.
fourth absorption.
Yo kho, āvuso, bhikkhu evaṁ jānāti evaṁ passati, kallaṁ nu kho tassetaṁ vacanāya:
When a mendicant knows and sees like this, would it be appropriate to say of them:
‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīran’ti vā ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti vāti?
“The soul and the body are the same thing” or “The soul and the body are different things”?’
Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu evaṁ jānāti evaṁ passati, kallaṁ tassetaṁ vacanāya:
‘It would, reverend.’
‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīran’ti vā ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti vāti.
Ahaṁ kho panetaṁ, āvuso, evaṁ jānāmi evaṁ passāmi.
‘But reverends, I know and see like this.
Atha ca panāhaṁ na vadāmi:
Nevertheless, I do not say:
‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīran’ti vā ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti vā …pe…
“The soul and the body are the same thing” or “The soul and the body are different things”. …
ñāṇadassanāya cittaṁ abhinīharati abhininnāmeti …
They project and extend the mind toward knowledge and vision …
yo kho, āvuso, bhikkhu evaṁ jānāti evaṁ passati, kallaṁ nu kho tassetaṁ vacanāya:
When a mendicant knows and sees like this, would it be appropriate to say of them:
‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīran’ti vā ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti vāti?
“The soul and the body are the same thing” or “The soul and the body are different things”?’
…pe…
Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu evaṁ jānāti evaṁ passati, kallaṁ tassetaṁ vacanāya:
‘It would, reverend.’
‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīran’ti vā ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti vāti.
Ahaṁ kho panetaṁ, āvuso, evaṁ jānāmi evaṁ passāmi.
‘But reverends, I know and see like this.
Atha ca panāhaṁ na vadāmi:
Nevertheless, I do not say:
‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīran’ti vā ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti vā. …pe…
“The soul and the body are the same thing” or “The soul and the body are different things”. …
Nāparaṁ itthattāyāti pajānāti.
They understand: “… there is no return to any state of existence.”
Yo kho, āvuso, bhikkhu evaṁ jānāti evaṁ passati, kallaṁ nu kho tassetaṁ vacanāya:
When a mendicant knows and sees like this, would it be appropriate to say of them:
‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīran’ti vā ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti vāti?
“The soul and the body are the same thing” or “The soul and the body are different things”?’
Yo so, āvuso, bhikkhu evaṁ jānāti evaṁ passati na kallaṁ tassetaṁ vacanāya:
‘It would not, reverend.’
‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīran’ti vā ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti vāti.
Ahaṁ kho panetaṁ, āvuso, evaṁ jānāmi evaṁ passāmi.
‘But reverends, I know and see like this.
Atha ca panāhaṁ na vadāmi:
Nevertheless, I do not say:
‘taṁ jīvaṁ taṁ sarīran’ti vā ‘aññaṁ jīvaṁ aññaṁ sarīran’ti vā”ti.
“The soul and the body are the same thing” or “The soul and the body are different things”.’”
Idamavoca bhagavā.
That is what the Buddha said.
Attamano oṭṭhaddho licchavī bhagavato bhāsitaṁ abhinandīti.
Satisfied, Oṭṭhaddha the Licchavi was happy with what the Buddha said.
Mahālisuttaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ chaṭṭhaṁ.