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14. Chabbassasikkhāpada

The training rule on six years

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery.

Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū anuvassaṁ santhataṁ kārāpenti.
At that time monks were having blankets made every year.

Te yācanabahulā viññattibahulā viharanti—
They kept on begging and asking,

“eḷakalomāni detha.
“Please give wool!

Eḷakalomehi attho”ti.
We need wool!”

Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
People complained and criticized them,

“kathañhi nāma samaṇā sakyaputtiyā anuvassaṁ santhataṁ kārāpessanti, yācanabahulā viññattibahulā viharissanti—
“How can the Sakyan monastics have blankets made every year, begging and asking,

‘eḷakalomāni detha, eḷakalomehi attho’ti.
‘Please give wool! We need wool!’?

Amhākaṁ pana sakiṁ katāni santhatāni pañcapi chapi vassāni honti, yesaṁ no dārakā uhadantipi ummihantipi undūrehipi khajjanti.
We only make blankets for ourselves every five or six years, even though our children defecate and urinate on them and they are eaten by rats.”

Ime pana samaṇā sakyaputtiyā anuvassaṁ santhataṁ kārāpenti, yācanabahulā viññattibahulā viharanti—

‘eḷakalomāni detha, eḷakalomehi attho’”ti.

Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ.
The monks heard the complaints of those people,

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks,

“kathañhi nāma bhikkhū anuvassaṁ santhataṁ kārāpessanti, yācanabahulā viññattibahulā viharissanti—
“How can those monks do this?”

‘eḷakalomāni detha, eḷakalomehi attho’”ti.

Atha kho te bhikkhū te anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…
After rebuking those monks in many ways, they told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks:

“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū anuvassaṁ santhataṁ kārāpenti, yācanabahulā viññattibahulā viharanti—
“Is it true, monks, that there are monks who do this?”

‘eḷakalomāni detha, eḷakalomehi attho’”ti?

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them,

kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā anuvassaṁ santhataṁ kārāpessanti, yācanabahulā viññattibahulā viharissanti—
“How can those foolish men do this?

‘eḷakalomāni detha, eḷakalomehi attho’ti.

Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Navaṁ pana bhikkhunā santhataṁ kārāpetvā chabbassāni dhāretabbaṁ.
‘If a monk has had a new blanket made, he should keep it for six years.

Orena ce channaṁ vassānaṁ taṁ santhataṁ vissajjetvā vā avissajjetvā vā aññaṁ navaṁ santhataṁ kārāpeyya, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyan”ti.
Whether that blanket has been given away or not, if he has another new blanket made in less than six years, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.’”

Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.
In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks.

Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu kosambiyaṁ gilāno hoti.
At one time a certain monk at Kosambī was sick.

Ñātakā tassa bhikkhuno santike dūtaṁ pāhesuṁ—
His relatives sent him a message, saying,

“āgacchatu bhadanto mayaṁ upaṭṭhahissāmā”ti.
“Come, Venerable, we’ll nurse you.”

Bhikkhūpi evamāhaṁsu—
The monks

“gacchāvuso, ñātakā taṁ upaṭṭhahissantī”ti.
urged him to go,

So evamāha—
but he said,

“bhagavatā, āvuso, sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ—
“The Buddha has laid down a training rule

‘navaṁ pana bhikkhunā santhataṁ kārāpetvā chabbassāni dhāretabban’ti.
that a monk who has had a new blanket made must keep it for six years.

Ahañcamhi gilāno, na sakkomi santhataṁ ādāya pakkamituṁ.
Now because I’m sick, I’m unable to travel with my blanket.

Mayhañca vinā santhatā na phāsu hoti.
And because I’m not comfortable without it,

Nāhaṁ gamissāmī”ti.
I can’t go.”

Bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.
They told the Buddha.

Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—
Soon afterwards he gave a teaching and addressed the monks:

“anujānāmi, bhikkhave, gilānassa bhikkhuno santhatasammutiṁ dātuṁ.
“Monks, I allow you to give a blanket permission to a sick monk.

Evañca pana, bhikkhave, dātabbā.
And it should be given like this.

Tena gilānena bhikkhunā saṅghaṁ upasaṅkamitvā ekaṁsaṁ uttarāsaṅgaṁ karitvā vuḍḍhānaṁ bhikkhūnaṁ pāde vanditvā ukkuṭikaṁ nisīditvā añjaliṁ paggahetvā evamassa vacanīyo—
After approaching the Sangha, the sick monk should arrange his upper robe over one shoulder and pay respect at the feet of the senior monks. He should then squat on his heels, raise his joined palms, and say,

‘ahaṁ, bhante, gilāno
‘Venerables, I’m sick.

na sakkomi santhataṁ ādāya pakkamituṁ.
I’m unable to travel with my blanket.

Sohaṁ, bhante, saṅghaṁ santhatasammutiṁ yācāmī’ti.
I ask the Sangha for a blanket permission.’

Dutiyampi yācitabbā.
And he should ask a second

Tatiyampi yācitabbā.
and a third time.

Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo—
A competent and capable monk should then inform the Sangha:

‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho.
‘Please, Venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.

Ayaṁ itthannāmo bhikkhu gilāno na sakkoti santhataṁ ādāya pakkamituṁ.
The monk so-and-so is sick. He’s unable to travel with his blanket.

So saṅghaṁ santhatasammutiṁ yācati.
He’s asking the Sangha for a blanket permission.

Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno santhatasammutiṁ dadeyya.
If the Sangha is ready, it should give a blanket permission to monk so-and-so.

Esā ñatti.
This is the motion.

Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho.
Please, Venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.

Ayaṁ itthannāmo bhikkhu gilāno na sakkoti santhataṁ ādāya pakkamituṁ.
The monk so-and-so is sick. He’s unable to travel with his blanket.

So saṅghaṁ santhatasammutiṁ yācati.
He’s asking the Sangha for a blanket permission.

Saṅgho itthannāmassa bhikkhuno santhatasammutiṁ deti.
The Sangha gives a blanket permission to monk so-and-so.

Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa bhikkhuno santhatasammutiyā dānaṁ, so tuṇhassa;
Any monk who approves of giving a blanket permission to monk so-and-so should remain silent.

yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
Any monk who doesn’t approve should speak up.

Dinnā saṅghena itthannāmassa bhikkhuno santhatasammuti.
The Sangha has given a blanket permission to monk so-and-so.

Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī,
The Sangha approves and is therefore silent.

evametaṁ dhārayāmī’ti.
I’ll remember it thus.’

Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Navaṁ pana bhikkhunā santhataṁ kārāpetvā chabbassāni dhāretabbaṁ.
‘If a monk has had a new blanket made, he should keep it for six years.

Orena ce channaṁ vassānaṁ taṁ santhataṁ vissajjetvā vā avissajjetvā vā aññaṁ navaṁ santhataṁ kārāpeyya, aññatra bhikkhusammutiyā, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyan”ti.
Whether that blanket has been given away or not, if he has another new blanket made in less than six years, except if the monks have agreed, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.’”

Navaṁ nāma
New:

karaṇaṁ upādāya vuccati.
newly made is what is meant.

Santhataṁ nāma
A blanket:

santharitvā kataṁ hoti avāyimaṁ.
it is made by strewing, not by weaving.

Kārāpetvāti
Has had made:

karitvā vā kārāpetvā vā.
has made or has had made.

Chabbassāni dhāretabbanti
He should keep it for six years:

chabbassaparamatā dhāretabbaṁ.
he should keep it for six years at most.

Orena ce channaṁ vassānanti
In less than six years:

ūnakachabbassāni.
fewer than six years.

Taṁ santhataṁ vissajjetvāti
That blanket has been given away:

aññesaṁ datvā.
it has been given to others.

Avissajjetvāti
Not:

na kassaci datvā.
it has not been given to anyone.

Aññatra bhikkhusammutiyāti
Except if the monks have agreed:

ṭhapetvā bhikkhusammutiṁ aññaṁ navaṁ santhataṁ karoti vā kārāpeti vā, payoge dukkaṭaṁ.
if he makes another new blanket, or has one made, unless the monks have agreed, then for the effort there is an act of wrong conduct.

Paṭilābhena nissaggiyaṁ hoti.
When he gets the blanket, it becomes subject to relinquishment.

Nissajjitabbaṁ saṅghassa vā gaṇassa vā puggalassa vā.
The blanket should be relinquished to a sangha, a group, or an individual.

Evañca pana, bhikkhave, nissajjitabbaṁ.
“And, monks, it should be relinquished like this.

…pe…
(To be expanded as in <a href='https://suttacentral.net/pli-tv-bu-vb-np1/en/brahmali#3.2.5'>Bu Np 1:3.2.5</a>–3.2.29, with appropriate substitutions.)

“idaṁ me, bhante, santhataṁ ūnakachabbassāni kārāpitaṁ, aññatra bhikkhusammutiyā, nissaggiyaṁ.
‘Venerables, this blanket, which I got made after less than six years without the agreement of the monks, is to be relinquished.

Imāhaṁ saṅghassa nissajjāmī”ti …pe…
I relinquish it to the Sangha.’ …

dadeyyāti …pe…
the Sangha should give …

dadeyyunti …pe…
you should give …

āyasmato dammīti.
‘I give this blanket back to you.’”

Attanā vippakataṁ attanā pariyosāpeti, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.
If he finishes what he began himself, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.

Attanā vippakataṁ parehi pariyosāpeti, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.
If he has others finish what he began himself, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.

Parehi vippakataṁ attanā pariyosāpeti, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.
If he finishes himself what was begun by others, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.

Parehi vippakataṁ parehi pariyosāpeti, nissaggiyaṁ pācittiyaṁ.
If he has others finish what was begun by others, he commits an offense entailing relinquishment and confession.

Anāpatti—
There is no offense:

chabbassāni karoti,
if he makes one after six years;

atirekachabbassāni karoti,
if he makes one after more than six years;

aññassatthāya karoti vā kārāpeti vā,
if he makes one, or has one made, for the sake of another;

aññena kataṁ paṭilabhitvā paribhuñjati,
if he gets what was made by another and then uses it;

vitānaṁ vā bhūmattharaṇaṁ vā sāṇipākāraṁ vā bhisiṁ vā bibbohanaṁ vā karoti,
if he makes a canopy, a floor cover, a cloth screen, a mattress, or a pillow;

bhikkhusammutiyā,
if he has the permission of the monks;

ummattakassa,
if he is insane;

ādikammikassāti.
if he is the first offender.

Chabbassasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ catutthaṁ.
The training rule on six years, the fourth, is finished.