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13. Ujjhāpanakasikkhāpada

The training rule on complaining

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe.
At one time the Buddha was staying at Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrel sanctuary.

Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā dabbo mallaputto saṅghassa senāsanañca paññapeti bhattāni ca uddisati.
At that time Venerable Dabba the Mallian was assigning the dwellings and designating the meals,

Tena kho pana samayena mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū navakā ceva honti appapuññā ca.
and the monks Mettiya and Bhūmajaka were newly ordained.

Yāni saṅghassa lāmakāni senāsanāni tāni tesaṁ pāpuṇanti lāmakāni ca bhattāni.
They had little merit, getting inferior dwellings and meals.

Te āyasmantaṁ dabbaṁ mallaputtaṁ bhikkhū ujjhāpenti—
They then complained about Dabba to other monks,

“chandāya dabbo mallaputto senāsanaṁ paññapeti, chandāya ca bhattāni uddisatī”ti.
“Dabba the Mallian assigns dwellings and designates meals based on favoritism.”

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
The monks of few desires complained and criticized them,

“kathañhi nāma mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū āyasmantaṁ dabbaṁ mallaputtaṁ bhikkhū ujjhāpessantī”ti …pe…
“How can the monks Mettiya and Bhūmajaka complain about Venerable Dabba to other monks?”…

“saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, dabbaṁ mallaputtaṁ bhikkhū ujjhāpethā”ti?
“Is it true, monks, that you do this?”

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them …

kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, dabbaṁ mallaputtaṁ bhikkhū ujjhāpessatha.
“Foolish men, how can you do this?

Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Ujjhāpanake pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a monk complains, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.
In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks.

Tena kho pana samayena mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū—
Knowing that the Buddha had prohibited complaining, the monks Mettiya and Bhūmajaka thought of other ways of getting the monks to hear about their grievances.

“‘bhagavatā ujjhāpanakaṁ paṭikkhittan’ti ‘ettāvatā bhikkhū sossantī’”ti bhikkhūnaṁ sāmantā āyasmantaṁ dabbaṁ mallaputtaṁ khiyyanti—
They then criticized Dabba the Mallian in the vicinity of other monks,

“chandāya dabbo mallaputto senāsanaṁ paññapeti, chandāya ca bhattāni uddisatī”ti.
“Dabba assigns dwellings and designates meals based on favoritism.”

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
The monks of few desires complained and criticized them,

“kathañhi nāma mettiyabhūmajakā bhikkhū āyasmantaṁ dabbaṁ mallaputtaṁ khiyyissantī”ti …pe…
“How can the monks Mettiya and Bhūmajaka criticize Venerable Dabba?”…

“saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, dabbaṁ mallaputtaṁ khiyyathā”ti?
“Is it true, monks, that you do this?”

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them …

kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, dabbaṁ mallaputtaṁ khiyyissatha.
“Foolish men, how can you do this?

Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Ujjhāpanake khiyyanake pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a monk complains or criticizes, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Ujjhāpanakaṁ nāma
Complaining:

upasampannaṁ saṅghena sammataṁ senāsanapaññāpakaṁ vā bhattuddesakaṁ vā yāgubhājakaṁ vā phalabhājakaṁ vā khajjabhājakaṁ vā appamattakavissajjakaṁ vā avaṇṇaṁ kattukāmo, ayasaṁ kattukāmo, maṅkukattukāmo, upasampannaṁ ujjhāpeti vā khiyyati vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
when someone who is fully ordained is the assigner of dwellings or the designator of meals or the distributor of congee or the distributor of fruit or the distributor of fresh foods or the distributor of small requisites, and he has been appointed by the Sangha as such, then if a monk complains about him or criticizes him to one who is fully ordained—desiring to disparage him, desiring to give him a bad reputation, desiring to humiliate him—he commits an offense entailing confession.

Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññī ujjhāpanake khiyyanake āpatti pācittiyassa.
If it is a legitimate legal procedure, and he perceives it as such, and he complains or criticizes, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Dhammakamme vematiko ujjhāpanake khiyyanake āpatti pācittiyassa.
If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but he is unsure of it, and he complains or criticizes, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññī ujjhāpanake khiyyanake āpatti pācittiyassa.
If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but he perceives it as illegitimate, and he complains or criticizes, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Anupasampannaṁ ujjhāpeti vā khiyyati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he complains or criticizes him to one who is not fully ordained, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Upasampannaṁ saṅghena asammataṁ senāsanapaññāpakaṁ vā bhattuddesakaṁ vā yāgubhājakaṁ vā phalabhājakaṁ vā khajjabhājakaṁ vā appamattakavissajjakaṁ vā avaṇṇaṁ kattukāmo, ayasaṁ kattukāmo, maṅkukattukāmo, upasampannaṁ vā anupasampannaṁ vā ujjhāpeti vā khiyyati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
When someone who is fully ordained is the assigner of dwellings or the designator of meals or the distributor of congee or the distributor of fruit or the distributor of fresh foods or the distributor of small requisites, but he has not been appointed by the Sangha as such, then if a monk complains about him or criticizes him to one who is fully ordained or to one who is not fully ordained—desiring to disparage him, desiring to give him a bad reputation, desiring to humiliate him—he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Anupasampannaṁ saṅghena sammataṁ vā asammataṁ vā senāsanapaññāpakaṁ vā bhattuddesakaṁ vā yāgubhājakaṁ vā phalabhājakaṁ vā khajjabhājakaṁ vā appamattakavissajjakaṁ vā avaṇṇaṁ kattukāmo, ayasaṁ kattukāmo, maṅkukattukāmo, upasampannaṁ vā anupasampannaṁ vā ujjhāpeti vā khiyyati vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
When someone who is not fully ordained is the assigner of dwellings or the designator of meals or the distributor of congee or the distributor of fruit or the distributor of fresh foods or the distributor of small requisites, whether he has been appointed by the Sangha as such or not, then if a monk complains about him or criticizes him to one who is fully ordained or to one who is not fully ordained—desiring to disparage him, desiring to give him a bad reputation, desiring to humiliate him—he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but he perceives it as legitimate, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Adhammakamme vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññī āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, and he perceives it as such, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Anāpatti—
There is no offense:

pakatiyā chandā dosā mohā bhayā karontaṁ ujjhāpeti vā khiyyati vā,
if he complains about or criticizes one who regularly acts out of favoritism, ill will, confusion, or fear;

ummattakassa,
if he is insane;

ādikammikassāti.
if he is the first offender.

Ujjhāpanakasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ tatiyaṁ.
The training rule on complaining, the third, is finished.