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27. Saṁvidhānasikkhāpada

The training rule on arrangements

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery.

Tena kho pana samayena chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bhikkhunīhi saddhiṁ saṁvidhāya ekaddhānamaggaṁ paṭipajjanti.
At that time the monks from the group of six traveled by arrangement with nuns.

Manussā ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
People complained and criticized them,

“yatheva mayaṁ sapajāpatikā āhiṇḍāma, evamevime samaṇā sakyaputtiyā bhikkhunīhi saddhiṁ saṁvidhāya āhiṇḍantī”ti.
“Just as we walk about with our wives, so these Sakyan monastics walk about by arrangement with nuns.”

Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tesaṁ manussānaṁ ujjhāyantānaṁ khiyyantānaṁ vipācentānaṁ.
The monks heard the complaints of those people,

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
and the monks of few desires complained and criticized those monks,

“kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū bhikkhunīhi saddhiṁ saṁvidhāya ekaddhānamaggaṁ paṭipajjissantī”ti …pe…
“How can the monks from the group of six travel by arrangement with the nuns?” …

“saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, bhikkhunīhi saddhiṁ saṁvidhāya ekaddhānamaggaṁ paṭipajjathā”ti?
“Is it true, monks, that you do this?”

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them …

kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, bhikkhunīhi saddhiṁ saṁvidhāya ekaddhānamaggaṁ paṭipajjissatha.
“Foolish men, how can do this?

Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha.
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuniyā saddhiṁ saṁvidhāya ekaddhānamaggaṁ paṭipajjeyya, antamaso gāmantarampi, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a monk travels by arrangement with a nun, even just to the next village, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.
In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks.

Tena kho pana samayena sambahulā bhikkhū ca bhikkhuniyo ca sāketā sāvatthiṁ addhānamaggappaṭipannā honti.
Soon afterwards a number of monks and nuns were traveling from Sāketa to Sāvatthī.

Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo te bhikkhū etadavocuṁ—
The nuns said to the monks,

“mayampi ayyehi saddhiṁ gamissāmā”ti.
“Let’s go together.”

“Na, bhaginī, kappati bhikkhuniyā saddhiṁ saṁvidhāya ekaddhānamaggaṁ paṭipajjituṁ.
“Sisters, it’s not allowable for us to travel by arrangement with nuns.

Tumhe vā paṭhamaṁ gacchatha mayaṁ vā gamissāmā”ti.
Either you go first, or we will.”

“Ayyā, bhante, aggapurisā.
“You have the higher status, Venerables.

Ayyāva paṭhamaṁ gacchantū”ti.
Please go first.”

Atha kho tāsaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ pacchā gacchantīnaṁ antarāmagge corā acchindiṁsu ca dūsesuñca.
But because the nuns went behind, they were robbed and raped by bandits.

Atha kho tā bhikkhuniyo sāvatthiṁ gantvā bhikkhunīnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.
When they arrived at Sāvatthī, they told the nuns there what had happened.

Bhikkhuniyo bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.
The nuns then told the monks,

Bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.
who in turn told the Buddha.

Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—
Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks:

“anujānāmi, bhikkhave, satthagamanīye magge sāsaṅkasammate sappaṭibhaye bhikkhuniyā saddhiṁ saṁvidhāya ekaddhānamaggaṁ paṭipajjituṁ.
“Monks, I allow you to travel by arrangement with a nun if it’s a risky and dangerous road that should be traveled with a group.

Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuniyā saddhiṁ saṁvidhāya ekaddhānamaggaṁ paṭipajjeyya, antamaso gāmantarampi, aññatra samayā, pācittiyaṁ.
‘If a monk travels by arrangement with a nun, even just to the next village, except on an appropriate occasion, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Tatthāyaṁ samayo. Satthagamanīyo hoti maggo sāsaṅkasammato sappaṭibhayo—ayaṁ tattha samayo”ti.
This is the appropriate occasion: the road is considered risky and dangerous and should be traveled with a group.’”

Yo panāti
A:

yo yādiso …pe…
whoever …

bhikkhūti
Monk:

…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
… The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.

Bhikkhunī nāma
A nun:

ubhatosaṅghe upasampannā.
she has been given the full ordination by both Sanghas.

Saddhinti
With:

ekato.
together.

Saṁvidhāyāti—
By arrangement:

“gacchāma, bhagini, gacchāmāyya; gacchāmāyya, gacchāma, bhagini; ajja vā hiyyo vā pare vā gacchāmā”ti saṁvidahati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
if he makes an arrangement like this: he says, “Let’s go, Sister,” and she replies, “Yes, let’s go, Venerable;” or she says, “Let’s go, Venerable,” and he replies, “Yes, let’s go, Sister;” or he says, “Let’s go today,” “Let’s go tomorrow,” “Let’s go the day after tomorrow,” then he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Antamaso gāmantarampīti
Even just to the next village:

kukkuṭasampāte gāme, gāmantare gāmantare āpatti pācittiyassa.
when the villages are a chicken’s flight apart, then for every next village he commits an offense entailing confession.

Agāmake araññe, addhayojane addhayojane āpatti pācittiyassa.
When it is an uninhabited area, a wilderness, then for every six kilometers he commits an offense entailing confession.

Aññatra samayāti
Except on an appropriate occasion:

ṭhapetvā samayaṁ.
unless it is an appropriate occasion.

Satthagamanīyo nāma maggo
The road should be traveled with a group:

na sakkā hoti vinā satthena gantuṁ.
it is not possible to travel without a group.

Sāsaṅkaṁ nāma
Risky:

tasmiṁ magge corānaṁ niviṭṭhokāso dissati, bhuttokāso dissati, ṭhitokāso dissati, nisinnokāso dissati, nipannokāso dissati.
a place has been seen along that road where criminals are camping, eating, standing, sitting, or lying down.

Sappaṭibhayaṁ nāma
Dangerous:

tasmiṁ magge corehi manussā hatā dissanti, viluttā dissanti, ākoṭitā dissanti, sappaṭibhayaṁ gantvā appaṭibhayaṁ dassetvā uyyojetabbā— “gacchatha, bhaginiyo”ti.
criminals have been seen along that road, injuring, robbing, or beating people. If they go together thinking it is dangerous, but then see that it is not, the nuns are to be dismissed, “Go, Sisters.”

Saṁvidahite saṁvidahitasaññī ekaddhānamaggaṁ paṭipajjati, antamaso gāmantarampi, aññatra samayā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If there is an arrangement, and he perceives that there is, and he travels with a nun, even just to the next village, except on an appropriate occasion, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Saṁvidahite vematiko ekaddhānamaggaṁ paṭipajjati, antamaso gāmantarampi, aññatra samayā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If there is an arrangement, but he is unsure of it, and he travels with a nun, even just to the next village, except on an appropriate occasion, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Saṁvidahite, asaṁvidahitasaññī ekaddhānamaggaṁ paṭipajjati, antamaso gāmantarampi, aññatra samayā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If there is an arrangement, but he does not perceive that there is, and he travels with a nun, even just to the next village, except on an appropriate occasion, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Bhikkhu saṁvidahati bhikkhunī na saṁvidahati, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If the monk makes an arrangement, but the nun does not express her agreement, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Asaṁvidahite saṁvidahitasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If there is no arrangement, but he perceives that there is, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Asaṁvidahite vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If there is no arrangement, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Asaṁvidahite asaṁvidahitasaññī, anāpatti.
If there is no arrangement, and he does not perceive that there is, there is no offense.

Anāpatti—
There is no offense:

samaye,
if it is an appropriate occasion;

asaṁvidahitvā gacchati,
if he goes without an arrangement;

bhikkhunī saṁvidahati, bhikkhu na saṁvidahati,
if the nun has made an arrangement, but he has not expressed his agreement;

visaṅketena gacchanti,
if they go, but not according to the arrangement;

āpadāsu,
if there is an emergency;

ummattakassa,
if he is insane;

ādikammikassāti.
if he is the first offender.

Saṁvidhānasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ sattamaṁ.
The training rule on arrangements, the seventh, is finished.