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11. Bhedānuvattakasikkhāpada

The training rule on supporting a schism

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā rājagahe viharati veḷuvane kalandakanivāpe.
At one time the Buddha was staying at Rājagaha in the Bamboo Grove, the squirrel sanctuary.

Tena kho pana samayena devadatto saṅghabhedāya parakkamati cakkabhedāya.
At that time Devadatta was pursuing schism in the Sangha, a break in authority.

Bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—
The monks were saying,

“adhammavādī devadatto, avinayavādī devadatto.
“Devadatta speaks contrary to the Teaching and the training.

Kathañhi nāma devadatto saṅghabhedāya parakkamissati cakkabhedāyā”ti.
How can he pursue schism in the Sangha?”

Evaṁ vutte, kokāliko kaṭamodakatissako khaṇḍadeviyā putto samuddadatto te bhikkhū etadavocuṁ—
But Kokālika, Kaṭamodakatissaka, Khaṇḍadeviyā-putta, and Samuddadatta said to those monks,

“māyasmanto evaṁ avacuttha.
“No, Venerables,

Dhammavādī devadatto, vinayavādī devadatto.
Devadatta speaks in accordance with the Teaching and the training.

Amhākañca devadatto chandañca ruciñca ādāya voharati jānāti no bhāsati amhākampetaṁ khamatī”ti.
And he speaks with our consent and approval. He knows about us and speaks for us, and we approve of this.”

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
The monks of few desires complained and criticized them,

“kathañhi nāma bhikkhū devadattassa saṅghabhedāya parakkamantassa anuvattakā bhavissanti vaggavādakā”ti.
“How can these monks support Devadatta’s pursuit of schism in the Sangha?”

Atha kho te bhikkhū te anuvattake bhikkhū anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…
They rebuked those monks in many ways and then told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks:

“saccaṁ kira, bhikkhave, bhikkhū devadattassa saṅghabhedāya parakkamantassa anuvattakā honti vaggavādakā”ti?
“Is it true, monks, that there are monks who support this?”

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them …

kathañhi nāma te, bhikkhave, moghapurisā devadattassa saṅghabhedāya parakkamantassa anuvattakā bhavissanti vaggavādakā.
“Monks, how can those foolish men support this?

Netaṁ, bhikkhave, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Tasseva kho pana bhikkhussa bhikkhū honti anuvattakā vaggavādakā eko vā dve vā tayo vā. Te evaṁ vadeyyuṁ—
‘That monk may have one, two, or three monks who side with him and support him, and they may say,

‘māyasmanto etaṁ bhikkhuṁ kiñci avacuttha.
“Venerables, don’t correct this monk.

Dhammavādī ceso bhikkhu, vinayavādī ceso bhikkhu.
He speaks in accordance with the Teaching and the training.

Amhākañceso bhikkhu chandañca ruciñca ādāya voharati jānāti no bhāsati amhākampetaṁ khamatī’ti,
And he speaks with our consent and approval. He knows about us and speaks for us, and we approve of this.”

te bhikkhū bhikkhūhi evamassu vacanīyā—
The monks should correct those monks like this,

‘māyasmanto evaṁ avacuttha,
“No, Venerables,

na ceso bhikkhu dhammavādī, na ceso bhikkhu vinayavādī,
this monk speaks contrary to the Teaching and the training.

māyasmantānampi saṅghabhedo ruccittha,
And don’t consent to schism in the Sangha.

sametāyasmantānaṁ saṅghena, samaggo hi saṅgho sammodamāno avivadamāno ekuddeso phāsu viharatī’ti.
Stay with the Sangha, for a united Sangha—in concord, in harmony, having a joint recitation—is at ease.”

Evañca te bhikkhū bhikkhūhi vuccamānā tatheva paggaṇheyyuṁ, te bhikkhū bhikkhūhi yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsitabbā tassa paṭinissaggāya.
If those monks still continue as before, the monks should press them up to three times to make them stop.

Yāvatatiyañce samanubhāsiyamānā taṁ paṭinissajjeyyuṁ, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ,
If they then stop, all is well.

no ce paṭinissajjeyyuṁ, saṅghādiseso”ti.
If they do not stop, they commit an offense entailing suspension.’”

Tasseva kho panāti
That:

tassa saṅghabhedakassa bhikkhuno.
that monk who is pursuing schism in the Sangha.

Bhikkhū hontīti
May have monks:

aññe bhikkhū honti.
may have other monks.

Anuvattakāti
Who side with him:

yaṁdiṭṭhiko so hoti yaṅkhantiko yaṁruciko tepi taṁdiṭṭhikā honti taṅkhantikā taṁrucikā.
they have the same view, the same belief, the same persuasion as he does.

Vaggavādakāti
Who support him:

tassa vaṇṇāya pakkhāya ṭhitā honti.
they praise him and take his side.

Eko vā dve vā tayo vāti
One, two, or three:

eko vā hoti dve vā tayo vā. Te evaṁ vadeyyuṁ—
there is one, or two, or three. They may say,

“māyasmanto etaṁ bhikkhuṁ kiñci avacuttha, dhammavādī ceso bhikkhu, vinayavādī ceso bhikkhu,
“Venerables, don’t correct this monk. He speaks in accordance with the Teaching and the training.

amhākañceso bhikkhu chandañca ruciñca ādāya voharati jānāti no bhāsati amhākampetaṁ khamatī”ti.
And he speaks with our consent and approval. He knows about us and speaks for us, and we approve of this.”

Te bhikkhūti
Those monks:

ye te anuvattakā bhikkhū.
those monks who side with him.

Bhikkhūhīti
The monks:

aññehi bhikkhūhi. Ye passanti ye suṇanti tehi vattabbā—
other monks, those who see it or hear about it. They should correct them like this:

“māyasmanto evaṁ avacuttha.
“No, Venerables,

Na ceso bhikkhu dhammavādī, na ceso bhikkhu vinayavādī.
this monk speaks contrary to the Teaching and the training.

Māyasmantānampi saṅghabhedo ruccittha.
And don’t consent to schism in the Sangha.

Sametāyasmantānaṁ saṅghena.
Stay with the Sangha,

Samaggo hi saṅgho sammodamāno avivadamāno ekuddeso phāsu viharatī”ti.
for a united Sangha—in concord, in harmony, having a joint recitation—is at ease.”

Dutiyampi vattabbā.
And they should correct them a second

Tatiyampi vattabbā.
and a third time.

Sace paṭinissajjanti, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ;
If they stop, all is well.

no ce paṭinissajjanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If they do not stop, they commit an offense of wrong conduct.

Sutvā na vadanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If those who hear about it do not say anything, they commit an offense of wrong conduct.

Te bhikkhū saṅghamajjhampi ākaḍḍhitvā vattabbā—
Those monks, even if they have to be pulled into the Sangha, should be corrected like this:

“māyasmanto evaṁ avacuttha.
“No, Venerables,

Na ceso bhikkhu dhammavādī, na ceso bhikkhu vinayavādī.
this monk speaks contrary to the Teaching and the training.

Māyasmantānampi saṅghabhedo ruccittha.
And don’t consent to schism in the Sangha.

Sametāyasmantānaṁ saṅghena.
Stay with the Sangha,

Samaggo hi saṅgho sammodamāno avivadamāno ekuddeso phāsu viharatī”ti.
for a united Sangha—in concord, in harmony, having a joint recitation—is at ease.”

Dutiyampi vattabbā.
They should correct them a second

Tatiyampi vattabbā.
and a third time.

Sace paṭinissajjanti, iccetaṁ kusalaṁ;
If they stop, all is well.

no ce paṭinissajjanti, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If they do not stop, they commit an offense of wrong conduct.

Te bhikkhū samanubhāsitabbā.
Should press them:

“Evañca pana, bhikkhave, samanubhāsitabbā.
“And, monks, they should be pressed like this.

Byattena bhikkhunā paṭibalena saṅgho ñāpetabbo—
A competent and capable monk should inform the Sangha:

‘Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho.
‘Please, Venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.

Itthannāmo ca itthanāmo ca bhikkhū itthannāmassa bhikkhuno saṅghabhedāya parakkamantassa anuvattakā vaggavādakā.
Monks so-and-so and so-and-so are siding with and supporting monk so-and-so who is pursuing schism in the Sangha.

Te taṁ vatthuṁ na paṭinissajjanti.
And they keep on doing it.

Yadi saṅghassa pattakallaṁ, saṅgho itthannāmañca itthannāmañca bhikkhū samanubhāseyya tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya.
If the Sangha is ready, it should press them to make them stop.

Esā ñatti.
This is the motion.

Suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho.
Please, Venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.

Itthannāmo ca itthannāmo ca bhikkhū itthannāmassa bhikkhuno saṅghabhedāya parakkamantassa anuvattakā vaggavādakā.
Monks so-and-so and so-and-so are siding with and supporting monk so-and-so who is pursuing schism in the Sangha.

Te taṁ vatthuṁ na paṭinissajjanti.
And they keep on doing it.

Saṅgho itthannāmañca itthannāmañca bhikkhū samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya.
The Sangha presses them to make them stop.

Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa ca itthannāmassa ca bhikkhūnaṁ samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, so tuṇhassa;
Any monk who approves of pressing them to make them stop should remain silent.

yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
Any monk who doesn’t approve should speak up.

Dutiyampi etamatthaṁ vadāmi …pe…
For the second time I speak on this matter: …

tatiyampi etamatthaṁ vadāmi—
For the third time I speak on this matter:

suṇātu me, bhante, saṅgho.
Please, Venerables, I ask the Sangha to listen.

Itthannāmo ca itthannāmo ca bhikkhū itthannāmassa bhikkhuno saṅghabhedāya parakkamantassa anuvattakā vaggavādakā.
Monks so-and-so and so-and-so are siding with and supporting monk so-and-so who is pursuing schism in the Sangha.

Te taṁ vatthuṁ na paṭinissajjanti.
And they keep on doing it.

Saṅgho itthannāmañca itthannāmañca bhikkhū samanubhāsati tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya.
The Sangha presses them to make them stop.

Yassāyasmato khamati itthannāmassa ca itthannāmassa ca bhikkhūnaṁ samanubhāsanā tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya, so tuṇhassa;
Any monk who approves of pressing them to make them stop should remain silent.

yassa nakkhamati, so bhāseyya.
Any monk who doesn’t approve should speak up.

Samanubhaṭṭhā saṅghena itthannāmo ca itthannāmo ca bhikkhū tassa vatthussa paṭinissaggāya.
The Sangha has pressed monks so-and-so and so-and-so to make them stop.

Khamati saṅghassa, tasmā tuṇhī,
The Sangha approves and is therefore silent.

evametaṁ dhārayāmī’”ti.
I’ll remember it thus.’”

Ñattiyā dukkaṭaṁ,
After the motion, they commit an offense of wrong conduct.

dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā,
After each of the first two announcements, they commit a serious offense.

kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
When the last announcement is finished, they commit an offense entailing suspension.

Saṅghādisesaṁ ajjhāpajjantānaṁ ñattiyā dukkaṭaṁ, dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā paṭippassambhanti.
For those who commit the offense entailing suspension, the offense of wrong conduct and the serious offenses are annulled.

Dve tayo ekato samanubhāsitabbā, taduttari na samanubhāsitabbā.
Two or three may be pressed together, but not more than that.

Saṅghādisesoti
They commit an offense entailing suspension:

…pe… tenapi vuccati “saṅghādiseso”ti.
… Therefore, too, it is called “an offense entailing suspension”.

Dhammakamme dhammakammasaññī na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
If it is a legitimate legal procedure, and they perceive it as such, and they do not stop, they commit an offense entailing suspension.

Dhammakamme vematikā na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but they are unsure of it, and they do not stop, they commit an offense entailing suspension.

Dhammakamme adhammakammasaññī na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa.
If it is a legitimate legal procedure, but they perceive it as illegitimate, and they do not stop, they commit an offense entailing suspension.

Adhammakamme dhammakammasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but they perceive it as legitimate, they commit an offense of wrong conduct.

Adhammakamme vematikā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, but they are unsure of it, they commit an offense of wrong conduct.

Adhammakamme adhammakammasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it is an illegitimate legal procedure, and they perceive it as such, they commit an offense of wrong conduct.

Anāpatti—
There is no offense:

asamanubhāsantānaṁ,
if they have not been pressed;

paṭinissajjantānaṁ,
if they stop;

ummattakānaṁ,
if they are insane;

khittacittānaṁ,
if they are deranged;

vedanāṭṭānaṁ,
if they are overwhelmed by pain;

ādikammikānanti.
if they are the first offenders.

Bhedānuvattakasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ ekādasamaṁ.
The training rule on supporting a schism, the eleventh, is finished.