Parivāra

Translators: brahmali

The Compendium

11. Adhikaraṇabheda

The subdivision on legal issues

1. Ukkoṭanabhedādi
The subdivision on reopening, etc.

Cattāri adhikaraṇāni.
There are four kinds of legal issues:

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, kiccādhikaraṇaṁ—
legal issues arising from disputes, legal issues arising from accusations, legal issues arising from offenses, legal issues arising from business.

imāni cattāri adhikaraṇāni.

Imesaṁ catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ kati ukkoṭā?
How many kinds of reopening are there of these four legal issues?

Imesaṁ catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ dasa ukkoṭā.
Ten.

Vivādādhikaraṇassa dve ukkoṭā, anuvādādhikaraṇassa cattāro ukkoṭā, āpattādhikaraṇassa tayo ukkoṭā, kiccādhikaraṇassa eko ukkoṭo—
There are two kinds of reopening of legal issues arising from disputes, four of legal issues arising from accusations, three of legal issues arising from offenses, and one of legal issues arising from business.

imesaṁ catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ ime dasa ukkoṭā.

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento kati samathe ukkoṭeti?
When reopening a legal issue arising from a dispute, how many of the principles for settling it does one reopen?

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento kati samathe ukkoṭeti?
When reopening a legal issue arising from an accusation, how many of the principles for settling it does one reopen?

Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento kati samathe ukkoṭeti?
When reopening a legal issue arising from an offense, how many of the principles for settling it does one reopen?

Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento kati samathe ukkoṭeti?
When reopening a legal issue arising from business, how many of the principles for settling it does one reopen?

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento dve samathe ukkoṭeti.
When reopening a legal issue arising from a dispute, one reopens two principles for settling it.

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento cattāro samathe ukkoṭeti.
When reopening a legal issue arising from an accusation, one reopens four principles for settling it.

Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento tayo samathe ukkoṭeti.
When reopening a legal issue arising from an offense, one reopens three principles for settling it.

Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭento ekaṁ samathaṁ ukkoṭeti.
When reopening a legal issue arising from business, one reopens one principles for settling it.

Kati ukkoṭā?
How many kinds of reopening are there?

Katihākārehi ukkoṭanaṁ pasavati?
In how many ways does a reopening come about?

Katihaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti?
How many attributes do people who reopen legal issues have?

Kati puggalā adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭentā āpattiṁ āpajjanti?
How many kinds of people commit an offense when they reopen a legal issue?

Dvādasa ukkoṭā.
There are twelve kinds of reopening.

Dasahākārehi ukkoṭanaṁ pasavati.
A reopening comes about in ten ways.

Catūhaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti.
People who reopen legal issues have four attributes.

Cattāro puggalā adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭentā āpattiṁ āpajjanti?
There are four kinds of people who commit an offense when they reopen legal issues.

Katame dvādasa ukkoṭā?
What are the twelve kinds of reopening?

Akataṁ kammaṁ, dukkaṭaṁ kammaṁ, puna kātabbaṁ kammaṁ, anihataṁ, dunnihataṁ, puna nihanitabbaṁ, avinicchitaṁ, duvinicchitaṁ, puna vinicchitabbaṁ, avūpasantaṁ, duvūpasantaṁ, puna vūpasametabbanti—
“The legal procedure hasn’t been done”; “it’s been done badly”; “it should be done again”; “it’s not been settled”; “it’s been badly settled”; “it should be settled again”; “it’s not been decided”; “it’s been badly decided”; “it should be decided again”; “it’s not been disposed of”; “it’s been badly disposed of”; “it should be disposed of again”.

ime dvādasa ukkoṭā.

Katamehi dasahākārehi ukkoṭanaṁ pasavati?
What are the ten ways that a reopening comes about?

Tattha jātakaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, tattha jātakaṁ vūpasantaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, antarāmagge adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, antarāmagge vūpasantaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, tattha gataṁ adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, tattha gataṁ vūpasantaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, sativinayaṁ ukkoṭeti, amūḷhavinayaṁ ukkoṭeti, tassapāpiyasikaṁ ukkoṭeti, tiṇavatthārakaṁ ukkoṭeti—
One reopens a legal issue where it arose; one reopens a legal issue where it arose and was resolved; one reopens a legal issue while traveling; one reopens a legal issue that was resolved while traveling; one reopens a legal issue after going there; one reopens a legal issue that was resolved after going there; one reopens a resolution through recollection; one reopens a resolution because of past insanity; one reopens a decision on giving a further penalty; one reopens a decision on covering over as if with grass.

imehi dasahākārehi ukkoṭanaṁ pasavati.

Katamehi catūhaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti?
What are the four attributes of people who reopen legal issues?

Chandāgatiṁ gacchanto adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, dosāgatiṁ gacchanto adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, mohāgatiṁ gacchanto adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti, bhayāgatiṁ gacchanto adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti—
They reopen legal issues biased by desire, ill will, confusion, or fear.

imehi catūhaṅgehi samannāgato puggalo adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭeti.

Katame cattāro puggalā adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭentā āpattiṁ āpajjanti?
Who are the four kinds of people who commit an offense when they reopen a legal issue?

Tadahupasampanno ukkoṭeti ukkoṭanakaṁ pācittiyaṁ, āgantuko ukkoṭeti ukkoṭanakaṁ pācittiyaṁ, kārako ukkoṭeti ukkoṭanakaṁ pācittiyaṁ, chandadāyako ukkoṭeti ukkoṭanakaṁ pācittiyaṁ—
If one who was ordained on that very day does the reopening, they commit an offense entailing confession; if one who has newly arrived does the reopening, they commit an offense entailing confession; if the original doer does the reopening, they commit an offense entailing confession; if one who had given their consent does the reopening, they commit an offense entailing confession.

ime cattāro puggalā adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭentā āpattiṁ āpajjanti.

2. Adhikaraṇanidānādi
2. The sources of the legal issues, etc.

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of legal issues arising from disputes?

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of legal issues arising from accusations?

Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of legal issues arising from offenses?

Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of legal issues arising from business?

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ vivādanidānaṁ vivādasamudayaṁ vivādajātikaṁ vivādapabhavaṁ vivādasambhāraṁ vivādasamuṭṭhānaṁ.
Legal issues arising from disputes have disputes as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ anuvādanidānaṁ anuvādasamudayaṁ anuvādajātikaṁ anuvādapabhavaṁ anuvādasambhāraṁ anuvādasamuṭṭhānaṁ.
Legal issues arising from accusations have accusations as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.

Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ āpattinidānaṁ āpattisamudayaṁ āpattijātikaṁ āpattipabhavaṁ āpattisambhāraṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānaṁ.
Legal issues arising from offenses have offenses as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.

Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ kiccayanidānaṁ kiccayasamudayaṁ kiccayajātikaṁ kiccayapabhavaṁ kiccayasambhāraṁ kiccayasamuṭṭhānaṁ.
Legal issues arising from business have business as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…
… of legal issues arising from accusations?

āpattādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…
… of legal issues arising from offenses?

kiccādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?
… of legal issues arising from business?

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ hetunidānaṁ, hetusamudayaṁ, hetujātikaṁ, hetupabhavaṁ, hetusambhāraṁ, hetusamuṭṭhānaṁ.
Legal issues arising from disputes have causes as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…
Legal issues arising from accusations …

āpattādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…
Legal issues arising from offenses …

kiccādhikaraṇaṁ hetunidānaṁ, hetusamudayaṁ, hetujātikaṁ, hetupabhavaṁ, hetusambhāraṁ, hetusamuṭṭhānaṁ.
Legal issues arising from business have causes as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…
… of legal issues arising from accusations?

āpattādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…
… of legal issues arising from offenses?

kiccādhikaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?
… of legal issues arising from business?

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ paccayanidānaṁ, paccayasamudayaṁ, paccayajātikaṁ, paccayapabhavaṁ, paccayasambhāraṁ, paccayasamuṭṭhānaṁ.
Legal issues arising from disputes have conditions as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…
Legal issues arising from accusations …

āpattādhikaraṇaṁ …pe…
Legal issues arising from offenses …

kiccādhikaraṇaṁ paccayanidānaṁ, paccayasamudayaṁ, paccayajātikaṁ, paccayapabhavaṁ, paccayasambhāraṁ, paccayasamuṭṭhānaṁ.
Legal issues arising from business have conditions as their source, their origin, their birth, their arising, their production, their origination.

3. Adhikaraṇamūlādi
3. The roots of legal issues, etc.

Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ kati mūlāni, kati samuṭṭhānā?
How many roots do the four kinds of legal issues have, and how many originations?

Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ tettiṁsa mūlāni, tettiṁsa samuṭṭhānā.
They have thirty-three roots, and thirty-three originations.

Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ katamāni tettiṁsa mūlāni?
What are the thirty-three roots?

Vivādādhikaraṇassa dvādasa mūlāni, anuvādādhikaraṇassa cuddasa mūlāni, āpattādhikaraṇassa cha mūlāni, kiccādhikaraṇassa ekaṁ mūlaṁ, saṅgho—
Legal issues arising from disputes have twelve roots; legal issues arising from accusations have fourteen roots; legal issues arising from offenses have six roots; legal issues arising from business have one root, the Sangha.

catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ imāni tettiṁsa mūlāni.

Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ katame tettiṁsa samuṭṭhānā?
What are the thirty-three originations?

Vivādādhikaraṇassa aṭṭhārasabhedakaravatthūni samuṭṭhānā, anuvādādhikaraṇassa catasso vipattiyo samuṭṭhānā, āpattādhikaraṇassa sattāpattikkhandhā samuṭṭhānā, kiccādhikaraṇassa cattāri kammāni samuṭṭhānā—
Legal issues arising from disputes originate from the eighteen grounds for schism; legal issues arising from accusations originate from the four kinds of failure; legal issues arising from offenses originate from the seven classes of offenses; legal issues arising from business originate from the four kinds of legal procedures.

catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ ime tettiṁsa samuṭṭhānā.

4. Adhikaraṇapaccayāpatti
4. Offenses because of legal issues

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ āpattānāpattīti?
“Is a legal issue arising from a dispute an offense or not an offense?”

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ na āpatti.
It is not an offense.

Kiṁ pana vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyyāti?
“Is it possible to commit an offense because of a legal issue arising from a dispute?”

Āma, vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyya.
Yes.

Vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati?
How many offenses does one commit because of legal issues arising from disputes?

Vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā dve āpattiyo āpajjati.
Two:

Upasampannaṁ omasati, āpatti pācittiyassa;
there is an offense entailing confession for abusing one who is fully ordained;

anupasampannaṁ omasati, āpatti dukkaṭassa—
there is an offense of wrong conduct for abusing one who is not fully ordained.

vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā imā dve āpattiyo āpajjati.

Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ kati vipattiyo bhajanti?
When it comes to these offenses, to how many of the four kinds of failure do they belong?

Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ?
To which of the four kinds of legal issues do they belong?

Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā?
In how many of the seven classes of offenses are they found?

Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti?
Through how many of the six kinds of originations of offenses do they originate?

Katihi adhikaraṇehi, katisu ṭhānesu, katihi samathehi sammanti?
Through how many kinds of legal issues, in how many places, and through how many of the principles for settling legal issues are they settled?

Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ ekaṁ vipattiṁ bhajanti—
They belong to one kind of failure:

ācāravipattiṁ.
failure in conduct.

Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ, āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
They belong to legal issues arising from an offense.

Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ dvīhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā—
They are found in two classes of offenses:

siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena.
they may be in the class of offenses entailing confession; they may be in the class of offenses of wrong conduct.

Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ tīhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti.
They originate in three ways.

Ekena adhikaraṇena—
They are settled through one kind of legal issue:

kiccādhikaraṇena;
a legal issue arising from business.

tīsu ṭhānesu—
They are settled in three places:

saṅghamajjhe, gaṇamajjhe, puggalassa santike;
in the midst of the Sangha, in the midst of a group, or in the presence of an individual.

tīhi samathehi sammanti—
They are settled through three principles:

siyā sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca, siyā sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca.
they may be settled by resolution face-to-face and by acting according to what has been admitted; or they may be settled by resolution face-to-face and by covering over as if with grass.

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ āpattānāpattīti?
“Is a legal issue arising from an accusation an offense or not an offense?”

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ na āpatti.
It is not an offense.

Kiṁ pana anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyyāti?
“Is it possible to commit an offense because of a legal issue arising from an accusation?”

Āma, anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyya.
Yes.

Anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā, kati āpattiyo āpajjati?
How many offenses does one commit because of legal issues arising from accusations?

Anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati.
Three:

Bhikkhuṁ amūlakena pārājikena dhammena anuddhaṁseti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa;
there is an offense entailing suspension for groundlessly charging a monk with an offense entailing expulsion;

amūlakena saṅghādisesena anuddhaṁseti, āpatti pācittiyassa;
there is an offense entailing confession for groundlessly charging someone with an offense entailing suspension;

amūlikāya ācāravipattiyā anuddhaṁseti, āpatti dukkaṭassa—
there is an offense of wrong conduct for groundlessly charging someone with failure in conduct.

anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā imā tisso āpattiyo āpajjati.

Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ kati vipattiyo bhajanti?
When it comes to these offenses, to how many of the four kinds of failure do they belong?

Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ?
To which of the four kinds of legal issues do they belong?

Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā?
In how many of the seven classes of offenses are they found?

Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti?
Through how many of the six kinds of originations of offenses do they originate?

Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ dve vipattiyo bhajanti—
They belong to two kinds of failure:

siyā sīlavipattiṁ, siyā ācāravipattiṁ.
they may be failure in morality; they may be failure in conduct.

Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ, āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
They belong to legal issues arising from an offense.

Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ tīhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā—
They are found in three classes of offenses:

siyā saṅghādisesāpattikkhandhena, siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena.
they may be in the class of offenses entailing suspension; they may be in the class of offenses entailing confession; they may be in the class of offenses of wrong conduct.

Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ tīhi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti.
They originate in three ways.

Yā tā āpattiyo garukā tā āpattiyo ekena adhikaraṇena—
The heavy offenses are settled through one kind of legal issue:

kiccādhikaraṇena;
a legal issue arising from business.

ekamhi ṭhāne—
They are settled in one place:

saṅghamajjhe;
in the midst of the Sangha.

dvīhi samathehi sammanti—
They are settled through two principles:

sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca.
by resolution face-to-face and by acting according to what has been admitted.

Yā tā āpattiyo lahukā tā āpattiyo ekena adhikaraṇena—
The light offenses are settled through one kind of legal issue:

kiccādhikaraṇena;
a legal issue arising from business.

tīsu ṭhānesu—
They are settled in three places:

saṅghamajjhe gaṇamajjhe puggalassa santike;
in the midst of the Sangha, in the midst of a group, or in the presence of an individual.

tīhi samathehi sammanti—
They are settled through three principles:

Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ āpattānāpattīti?
“Is a legal issue arising from an offense an offense or not an offense?”

Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ āpatti.
It is an offense.

Kiṁ pana āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyyāti?
“Is it possible to commit an offense because of a legal issue arising from an offense?”

Āma, āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyya.
Yes.

Āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati?
How many offenses does one commit because of legal issues arising from offenses?

Āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā catasso āpattiyo āpajjati.
Four:

Bhikkhunī jānaṁ pārājikaṁ dhammaṁ paṭicchādeti, āpatti pārājikassa;
there is an offense entailing expulsion for a nun who knowingly conceals an offense entailing expulsion;

vematikā paṭicchādeti, āpatti thullaccayassa;
there is a serious offense for concealing it if she is unsure;

bhikkhu saṅghādisesaṁ paṭicchādeti, āpatti pācittiyassa;
there is an offense entailing confession for a monk who conceals an offense entailing suspension;

ācāravipattiṁ paṭicchādeti, āpatti dukkaṭassa—
there is an offense of wrong conduct for concealing a failure in conduct.

āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā imā catasso āpattiyo āpajjati.

Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ kati vipattiyo bhajanti?
When it comes to these offenses, to how many of the four kinds of failure do they belong?

Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ?
To which of the four kinds of legal issues do they belong?

Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā?
In how many of the seven classes of offenses are they found?

Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti?
Through how many of the six kinds of originations of offenses do they originate?

Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ dve vipattiyo bhajanti—
They belong to two kinds of failure:

siyā sīlavipattiṁ siyā ācāravipattiṁ.
they may be failure in morality; they may be failure in conduct.

Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
They belong to legal issues arising from an offense.

Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ catūhi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā—
They are found in four classes of offenses:

siyā pārājikāpattikkhandhena, siyā thullaccayāpattikkhandhena, siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena.
they may be in the class of offenses entailing expulsion; they may be in the class of serious offenses; they may be in the class of offenses entailing confession; they may be in the class of offenses of wrong conduct.

Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhanti—
They originate in one way:

kāyato ca vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti.
from body, speech, and mind.

Yā sā āpatti anavasesā sā āpatti na katamena adhikaraṇena, na katamamhi ṭhāne, na katamena samathena sammati.
The incurable offense is not settled through any kind of legal issue, in any place, or through any of the principles for settling legal issues.

Yā tā āpattiyo lahukā tā āpattiyo ekena adhikaraṇena—
The light offenses are settled through one kind of legal issue:

kiccādhikaraṇena;
a legal issue arising from business.

tīsu ṭhānesu—
They are settled in three places:

saṅghamajjhe, gaṇamajjhe, puggalassa santike;
in the midst of the Sangha, in the midst of a group, or in the presence of an individual.

tīhi samathehi sammanti—
They are settled through three principles:

Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ āpattānāpattīti?
“Is a legal issue arising from business an offense or not an offense?”

Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ na āpatti.
It is not an offense.

Kiṁ pana kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyyāti?
“Is it possible to commit an offense because of a legal issue arising from business?”

Āma, kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā āpattiṁ āpajjeyya.
Yes.

Kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā kati āpattiyo āpajjati?
How many offenses does one commit because of legal issues arising from business?

Kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā pañca āpattiyo āpajjati.
Five:

Ukkhittānuvattikā bhikkhunī yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjati, ñattiyā dukkaṭaṁ;
there is an offense of wrong conduct after the motion when a nun takes sides with one who has been ejected and she does not stop when pressed up to three times;

dvīhi kammavācāhi thullaccayā;
there is a serious offense after each of the first two announcements;

kammavācāpariyosāne āpatti pārājikassa;
there is an offense entailing expulsion when the last announcement is finished;

bhedakānuvattakā bhikkhū yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti saṅghādisesassa;
there is an offense entailing suspension when monks who side with a monk who is pursuing schism do not stop when pressed for the third time;

pāpikāya diṭṭhiyā yāvatatiyaṁ samanubhāsanāya na paṭinissajjanti, āpatti pācittiyassa—
there is an offense entailing confession when not giving up a bad view after being pressed for the third time.

kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā imā pañca āpattiyo āpajjati.

Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ kati vipattiyo bhajanti?
When it comes to these offenses, to how many of the four kinds of failure do they belong?

Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ?
To which of the four kinds of legal issues do they belong?

Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ katihi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā?
In how many of the seven classes of offenses are they found?

Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ katihi samuṭṭhānehi samuṭṭhanti?
Through how many of the six kinds of originations of offenses do they originate?

Tā āpattiyo catunnaṁ vipattīnaṁ dve vipattiyo bhajanti—
They belong to two kinds of failure:

siyā sīlavipattiṁ siyā ācāravipattiṁ.
they may be failure in morality; they may be failure in conduct.

Catunnaṁ adhikaraṇānaṁ āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
They belong to legal issues arising from an offense.

Sattannaṁ āpattikkhandhānaṁ pañcahi āpattikkhandhehi saṅgahitā—
They are found in five classes of offenses:

siyā pārājikāpattikkhandhena, siyā saṅghādisesāpattikkhandhena, siyā thullaccayāpattikkhandhena, siyā pācittiyāpattikkhandhena, siyā dukkaṭāpattikkhandhena.
they may be in the class of offenses entailing expulsion; they may be in the class of offenses entailing suspension; they may be in the class of serious offenses; they may be in the class of offenses entailing confession; they may be in the class of offenses of wrong conduct.

Channaṁ āpattisamuṭṭhānānaṁ ekena samuṭṭhānena samuṭṭhanti—
They originate in one way:

kāyato ca vācato ca cittato ca samuṭṭhanti.
from body, speech, and mind.

Yā sā āpatti anavasesā sā āpatti na katamena adhikaraṇena, na katamamhi ṭhāne, na katamena samathena sammati.
The incurable offense is not settled though any kind of legal issue, in any place, or through any of the principles for settling legal issues.

Yā sā āpatti garukā sā āpatti ekena adhikaraṇena—
The heavy offense is settled through one kind of legal issue:

kiccādhikaraṇena;
a legal issue arising from business.

ekamhi ṭhāne—
It is settled in one place:

saṅghamajjhe;
in the midst of the Sangha.

dvīhi samathehi sammati—
It is settled through two principles:

sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca.
by resolution face-to-face and by acting according to what has been admitted.

Yā tā āpattiyo lahukā tā āpattiyo ekena adhikaraṇena—
The light offenses are settled through one kind of legal issue:

kiccādhikaraṇena;
a legal issue arising from business.

tīsu ṭhānesu—
They are settled in three places:

saṅghamajjhe, gaṇamajjhe, puggalassa santike;
in the midst of the Sangha, in the midst of a group, or in the presence of an individual.

tīhi samathehi sammanti—
They are settled through three principles:

5. Adhikaraṇādhippāya
5. The difference between legal issues

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.
Is a legal issue arising from a dispute a legal issue arising from an accusation, a legal issue arising from an offense, or a legal issue arising from business?

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ na hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ;
A legal issue arising from a dispute is neither a legal issue arising from an accusation, nor a legal issue arising from an offense, nor a legal issue arising from business.

api ca, vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.
Nevertheless, because of a legal issue arising from a dispute, there are legal issues arising from accusations, legal issues arising from offenses, and legal issues arising from business.

Yathā kathaṁ viya?
How is this?

Idha bhikkhū vivadanti—
It may be that monks are disputing, saying,

dhammoti vā adhammoti vā …pe…
“This is the Teaching”, “This is contrary to the Teaching” …

duṭṭhullāpattīti vā aduṭṭhullāpattīti vā.
“This is a grave offense”, or “This is a minor offense.”

Yaṁ tattha bhaṇḍanaṁ kalaho viggaho vivādo nānāvādo aññathāvādo vipaccatāya vohāro medhakaṁ, idaṁ vuccati vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.
In regard to this, whatever there is of quarreling, arguing, conflict, disputing, variety in opinion, difference in opinion, heated speech, or strife—this called a legal issue arising from a dispute.

Vivādādhikaraṇe saṅgho vivadati vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.
When, during a legal issue arising from a dispute, the Sangha disputes, there is a legal issue arising from a dispute.

Vivadamāno anuvadati anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.
When one who is disputing makes an accusation, there is a legal issue arising from an accusation.

Anuvadamāno āpattiṁ āpajjati āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
When one who is accusing commits an offense, there is a legal issue arising from an offense.

Tāya āpattiyā saṅgho kammaṁ karoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.
When the Sangha does a legal procedure because of that offense, there is a legal issue arising from business.

Evaṁ vivādādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.
In this way, because of a legal issue arising from a dispute, there are legal issues arising from accusations, legal issues arising from offenses, and legal issues arising from business.

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.
Is a legal issue arising from an accusation a legal issue arising from an offense, a legal issue arising from business, or legal issue arising from a dispute?

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ na hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ;
A legal issue arising from an accusation is neither a legal issue arising from an offense, nor a legal issue arising from business, nor a legal issue arising from a dispute.

api ca anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.
Nevertheless, because of a legal issue arising from an accusation, there are legal issues arising from offenses, legal issues arising from business, and legal issues arising from disputes.

Yathā kathaṁ viya?
How is this?

Idha bhikkhū bhikkhuṁ anuvadanti sīlavipattiyā vā ācāravipattiyā vā diṭṭhivipattiyā vā ājīvavipattiyā vā.
It may be that the monks accuse a monk of failure in morality, failure in conduct, failure in view, or failure in livelihood.

Yo tattha anuvādo anuvadanā anullapanā anubhaṇanā anusampavaṅkatā abbhussahanatā anubalappadānaṁ, idaṁ vuccati anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.
In regard to this, whatever there is of accusations, accusing, allegations, blame, taking sides because of friendship, taking part in the accusation, or supporting the accusation—this is called a legal issue arising from an accusation.

Anuvādādhikaraṇe saṅgho vivadati, vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.
When, during a legal issue arising from an accusation, the Sangha disputes, there is a legal issue arising from a dispute.

Vivadamāno anuvadati, anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.
When one who is disputing makes an accusation, there is a legal issue arising from an accusation.

Anuvadamāno āpattiṁ āpajjati, āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
When one who is accusing commits an offense, there is a legal issue arising from an offense.

Tāya āpattiyā saṅgho kammaṁ karoti, kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.
When the Sangha does a legal procedure because of that offense, there is a legal issue arising from business.

Evaṁ anuvādādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.
In this way, because of a legal issue arising from an accusation, there are legal issues arising from offenses, legal issues arising from business, and legal issues arising from disputes.

Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.
Is a legal issue arising from an offense a legal issue arising from business, a legal issue arising from a dispute, or a legal issue arising from an accusation?

Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ na hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ;
A legal issue arising from an offense is neither a legal issue arising from business, nor a legal issue arising from a dispute, nor a legal issue arising from an accusation.

api ca āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.
Nevertheless, because of a legal issue arising from an offense, there are legal issues arising from business, legal issues arising from disputes, and legal issues arising from accusations.

Yathā kathaṁ viya?
How is this?

Pañcapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, sattapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, idaṁ vuccati āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
There are legal issues arising from offenses because of the five classes of offenses, and there are legal issues arising from offenses because of the seven classes of offenses—these are called legal issues arising from offenses.

Āpattādhikaraṇe saṅgho vivadati vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.
When, during a legal issue arising from an offense, the Sangha disputes, there is a legal issue arising from a dispute.

Vivadamāno anuvadati anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.
When one who is disputing makes an accusation, there is a legal issue arising from an accusation.

Anuvadamāno āpattiṁ āpajjati āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
When one who is accusing commits an offense, there is a legal issue arising from an offense.

Tāya āpattiyā saṅgho kammaṁ karoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.
When the Sangha does a legal procedure because of that offense, there is a legal issue arising from business.

Evaṁ āpattādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.
In this way, because of a legal issue arising from an offense, there are legal issues arising from business, legal issues arising from disputes, and legal issues arising from accusations.

Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
Is a legal issue arising from business a legal issue arising from a dispute, a legal issue arising from an accusation, or a legal issue arising from an offense?

Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ na hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, na hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ;
A legal issue arising from business is neither a legal issue arising from a dispute, nor a legal issue arising from an accusation, nor a legal issue arising from an offense.

api ca kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
Nevertheless, because of a legal issue arising from business, there are legal issues arising from disputes, legal issues arising from accusations, and legal issues arising from offenses.

Yathā kathaṁ viya?
How is this?

Yā saṅghassa kiccayatā karaṇīyatā apalokanakammaṁ ñattikammaṁ ñattidutiyakammaṁ ñatticatutthakammaṁ, idaṁ vuccati kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.
Whatever is the duty or the business of the Sangha—a legal procedure consisting of getting permission, a legal procedure consisting of one motion, a legal procedure consisting of one motion and one announcement, a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements—this is called a legal issue arising from business.

Kiccādhikaraṇe saṅgho vivadati vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.
When, during a legal issue arising from business, the Sangha disputes, there is a legal issue arising from a dispute.

Vivadamāno anuvadati anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.
When one who is disputing makes an accusation, there is a legal issue arising from an accusation.

Anuvadamāno āpattiṁ āpajjati āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
When one who is accusing commits an offense, there is a legal issue arising from an offense.

Tāya āpattiyā saṅgho kammaṁ karoti kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.
When the Sangha does a legal procedure because of that offense, there is a legal issue arising from business.

Evaṁ kiccādhikaraṇapaccayā hoti vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, hoti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
In this way, because of a legal issue arising from business, there are legal issues arising from disputes, legal issues arising from accusations, and legal issues arising from offenses.

6. Pucchāvāra
6. The section on questioning

Yattha sativinayo tattha sammukhāvinayo?
When there is resolution through recollection, is there also resolution face-to-face?

Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha sativinayo?
When there is resolution face-to-face, is there also resolution through recollection?

Yattha amūḷhavinayo tattha sammukhāvinayo?
When there is resolution because of past insanity, is there also resolution face-to-face?

Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha amūḷhavinayo?
When there is resolution face-to-face, is there also resolution because of past insanity?

Yattha paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ tattha sammukhāvinayo?
When there is acting according to what has been admitted, is there also resolution face-to-face?

Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ?
When there is resolution face-to-face, is there also acting according to what has been admitted?

Yattha yebhuyyasikā tattha sammukhāvinayo?
When there is a majority decision, is there also resolution face-to-face?

Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha yebhuyyasikā?
When there is resolution face-to-face, is there also a majority decision?

Yattha tassapāpiyasikā tattha sammukhāvinayo?
When there is a further penalty, is there also resolution face-to-face?

Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha tassapāpiyasikā?
When there is resolution face-to-face, is there also a further penalty?

Yattha tiṇavatthārako tattha sammukhāvinayo?
When there is covering over as if with grass, is there also resolution face-to-face?

Yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha tiṇavatthārako?
When there is resolution face-to-face, is there also covering over as if with grass?

7. Vissajjanāvāra
7. The section on responding

Yasmiṁ samaye sammukhāvinayena ca sativinayena ca adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasammati—
There may be an occasion when a legal issue is resolved by resolution face-to-face and resolution through recollection.

yattha sativinayo tattha sammukhāvinayo, yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha sativinayo, na tattha amūḷhavinayo, na tattha paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ, na tattha yebhuyyasikā, na tattha tassapāpiyasikā, na tattha tiṇavatthārako.
Then, when there is resolution through recollection there is also resolution face-to-face, and when there is resolution face-to-face there also resolution through recollection; but there is not resolution because of past insanity, nor acting according to what has been admitted, nor a majority decision, nor a further penalty, nor covering over as if with grass.

Yasmiṁ samaye sammukhāvinayena ca amūḷhavinayena ca …pe…
There may be an occasion when a legal issue is resolved by resolution face-to-face and resolution because of past insanity. …

sammukhāvinayena ca paṭiññātakaraṇena ca …pe…
by resolution face-to-face and by acting according to what has been admitted …

sammukhāvinayena ca yebhuyyasikāya ca …pe…
by resolution face-to-face and by a majority decision …

sammukhāvinayena ca tassapāpiyasikāya ca …pe…
by resolution face-to-face and by a further penalty …

sammukhāvinayena ca tiṇavatthārakena ca adhikaraṇaṁ vūpasammati—
There may be an occasion when a legal issue is resolved by resolution face-to-face and by covering over as if with grass.

yattha tiṇavatthārako tattha sammukhāvinayo, yattha sammukhāvinayo tattha tiṇavatthārako, na tattha sativinayo, na tattha amūḷhavinayo, na tattha paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ, na tattha yebhuyyasikā, na tattha tassapāpiyasikā.
Then, when there is covering over as if with grass there is also resolution face-to-face, and when there is resolution face-to-face there also covering over as if with grass; but there is not resolution through recollection, nor resolution because of past insanity, nor acting according to what has been admitted, nor a majority decision, nor a further penalty.

8. Saṁsaṭṭhavāra
8. The section on connected

Sammukhāvinayoti vā sativinayoti vā ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā udāhu visaṁsaṭṭhā?
Is a resolution face-to-face and a resolution through recollection connected or disconnected?

Labbhā ca panimesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetuṁ?
Is it possible to completely separate them and point to their difference?

Sammukhāvinayoti vā amūḷhavinayoti vā …pe…
Is a resolution face-to-face and resolution because of past insanity …

sammukhāvinayoti vā paṭiññātakaraṇanti vā …
Is a resolution face-to-face and acting according to what has been admitted …

sammukhāvinayoti vā yebhuyyasikāti vā …
Is a resolution face-to-face and a majority decision …

sammukhāvinayoti vā tassapāpiyasikāti vā …
Is a resolution face-to-face and a further penalty …

sammukhāvinayoti vā tiṇavatthārakoti vā—ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā, udāhu visaṁsaṭṭhā?
Is a resolution face-to-face and covering over as if with grass connected or disconnected?

Labbhā ca panimesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetuṁ?
Is it possible to completely separate them and point to their difference?

Sammukhāvinayoti vā sativinayoti vā—
Resolution face-to-face and resolution through recollection

ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā, no visaṁsaṭṭhā;
are connected, not disconnected,

na ca labbhā imesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetuṁ.
and it is not possible to completely separate them and point to their difference.

Sammukhāvinayoti vā amūḷhavinayoti vā …pe…
Resolution face-to-face and resolution because of past insanity …

sammukhāvinayoti vā paṭiññātakaraṇanti vā …
Resolution face-to-face and acting according to what has been admitted …

sammukhāvinayoti vā yebhuyyasikāti vā …
Resolution face-to-face and a majority decision …

sammukhāvinayoti vā tassapāpiyasikāti vā …
Resolution face-to-face and a further penalty …

sammukhāvinayoti vā tiṇavatthārakoti vā—
Resolution face-to-face and covering over as if with grass

ime dhammā saṁsaṭṭhā, no visaṁsaṭṭhā;
are connected, not disconnected,

na ca labbhā imesaṁ dhammānaṁ vinibbhujitvā vinibbhujitvā nānākaraṇaṁ paññāpetuṁ.
and it is not possible to completely separate them and point to their difference.

9. Sattasamathanidāna
9. The sources of the seven principles for settling legal issues

Sammukhāvinayo kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of resolution face-to-face?

Sativinayo kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of resolution through recollection?

Amūḷhavinayo kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of resolution because of past insanity?

Paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ kiṁnidānaṁ, kiṁsamudayaṁ, kiṁjātikaṁ, kiṁpabhavaṁ, kiṁsambhāraṁ, kiṁsamuṭṭhānaṁ?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of acting according to what has been admitted?

Yebhuyyasikā kiṁnidānā, kiṁsamudayā, kiṁjātikā, kiṁpabhavā, kiṁsambhārā, kiṁsamuṭṭhānā?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of a majority decision?

Tassapāpiyasikā kiṁnidānā, kiṁsamudayā, kiṁjātikā, kiṁpabhavā, kiṁsambhārā, kiṁsamuṭṭhānā?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of a further penalty?

Tiṇavatthārako kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of covering over as if with grass?

Sammukhāvinayo nidānanidāno, nidānasamudayo, nidānajātiko, nidānapabhavo, nidānasambhāro, nidānasamuṭṭhāno.
Resolution face-to-face has sources as its source, its origin, its birth, its arising, its production, its origination.

Sativinayo …pe…
Resolution through recollection …

amūḷhavinayo …pe…
Resolution because of past insanity …

paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ nidānanidānaṁ, nidānasamudayaṁ, nidānajātikaṁ, nidānapabhavaṁ, nidānasambhāraṁ, nidānasamuṭṭhānaṁ.
Acting according to what has been admitted …

Yebhuyyasikā …pe…
A majority decision …

tassapāpiyasikā nidānanidānā, nidānasamudayā, nidānajātikā, nidānapabhavā, nidānasambhārā, nidānasamuṭṭhānā.
A further penalty …

Tiṇavatthārako nidānanidāno, nidānasamudayo, nidānajātiko, nidānapabhavo, nidānasambhāro, nidānasamuṭṭhāno.
Covering over as if with grass has sources as its source, its origin, its birth, its arising, its production, its origination.

Sammukhāvinayo kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of resolution face-to-face?

Sativinayo …pe…
… of resolution through recollection?

amūḷhavinayo …pe…
… of resolution because of past insanity?

paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ …pe…
… of acting according to what has been admitted?

yebhuyyasikā …pe…
… of a majority decision?

tassapāpiyasikā …pe…
… of a further penalty?

tiṇavatthārako kiṁnidāno, kiṁsamudayo, kiṁjātiko, kiṁpabhavo, kiṁsambhāro, kiṁsamuṭṭhāno?
What is the source, the origin, the birth, the arising, the production, the origination of covering over as if with grass?

Sammukhāvinayo hetunidāno, hetusamudayo, hetujātiko, hetupabhavo, hetusambhāro, hetusamuṭṭhāno.
Resolution face-to-face has causes as its source, its origin, its birth, its arising, its production, its origination.

Sativinayo …pe…
Resolution through recollection …

amūḷhavinayo …pe…
Resolution because of past insanity …

paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ hetunidānaṁ, hetusamudayaṁ, hetujātikaṁ, hetupabhavaṁ, hetusambhāraṁ, hetusamuṭṭhānaṁ.
Acting according to what has been admitted …

Yebhuyyasikā …pe…
A majority decision …

tassapāpiyasikā hetunidānā, hetusamudayā, hetujātikā, hetupabhavā, hetusambhārā, hetusamuṭṭhānā.
A further penalty …

Tiṇavatthārako hetunidāno, hetusamudayo, hetujātiko, hetupabhavo, hetusambhāro, hetusamuṭṭhāno.
Covering over as if with grass has causes as its source, its origin, its birth, its arising, its production, its origination.

Sativinayo …pe…
… of resolution through recollection?

amūḷhavinayo …pe…
… of resolution because of past insanity?

paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ …pe…
… of acting according to what has been admitted?

yebhuyyasikā …pe…
… of a majority decision?

tassapāpiyasikā …pe…
… of a further penalty?

Sammukhāvinayo paccayanidāno, paccayasamudayo, paccayajātiko, paccayapabhavo, paccayasambhāro, paccayasamuṭṭhāno.
Resolution face-to-face has conditions as its source, its origin, its birth, its arising, its production, its origination.

Sativinayo …pe…
Resolution through recollection …

amūḷhavinayo …pe…
Resolution because of past insanity …

paṭiññātakaraṇaṁ paccayanidānaṁ, paccayasamudayaṁ, paccayajātikaṁ, paccayapabhavaṁ, paccayasambhāraṁ, paccayasamuṭṭhānaṁ.
Acting according to what has been admitted …

Yebhuyyasikā …pe…
A majority decision …

tassapāpiyasikā paccayanidānā, paccayasamudayā, paccayajātikā, paccayapabhavā, paccayasambhārā, paccayasamuṭṭhānā.
A further penalty …

Tiṇavatthārako paccayanidāno, paccayasamudayo, paccayajātiko, paccayapabhavo, paccayasambhāro, paccayasamuṭṭhāno.
Covering over as if with grass has conditions as its source, its origin, its birth, its arising, its production, its origination.

Sattannaṁ samathānaṁ kati mūlāni, kati samuṭṭhānā?
How many roots do the seven principles for settling legal issues have, and how many originations?

Sattannaṁ samathānaṁ chabbīsa mūlāni, chattiṁsa samuṭṭhānā.
They have twenty-six roots and thirty-six originations.

Sattannaṁ samathānaṁ katamāni chabbīsa mūlāni?
What are those twenty-six roots?

Sammukhāvinayassa cattāri mūlāni—
Resolution face-to-face has four roots:

saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā;
face-to-face with the Sangha, face-to-face with the Teaching, face-to-face with the Monastic Law, face-to-face with the persons concerned.

sativinayassa cattāri mūlāni;
Resolution through recollection has four roots.

amūḷhavinayassa cattāri mūlāni;
Resolution because of past insanity has four roots.

paṭiññātakaraṇassa dve mūlāni—
Acting according to what has been admitted has two roots:

yo ca deseti yassa ca deseti;
The one who confesses and the one he confesses to.

yebhuyyasikāya cattāri mūlāni;
A majority decision has four roots.

tassapāpiyasikāya cattāri mūlāni;
A further penalty has four roots.

tiṇavatthārakassa cattāri mūlāni—
Covering over as if with grass has four roots:

saṅghasammukhatā, dhammasammukhatā, vinayasammukhatā, puggalasammukhatā—
face-to-face with the Sangha, face-to-face with the Teaching, face-to-face with the Monastic Law, face-to-face with the persons concerned.

sattannaṁ samathānaṁ imāni chabbīsa mūlāni.

Sattannaṁ samathānaṁ katame chattiṁsa samuṭṭhānā?
What are those thirty-six originations?

Sativinayassa kammassa kiriyā, karaṇaṁ, upagamanaṁ, ajjhupagamanaṁ, adhivāsanā, appaṭikkosanā.
The doing of, the performing of, the participation in, the consent to, the agreement to, the non-objection to a legal procedure of resolution through recollection.

Amūḷhavinayassa kammassa …pe…
… a legal procedure of resolution because of past insanity.

paṭiññātakaraṇassa kammassa …
… a legal procedure of acting according to what has been admitted.

yebhuyyasikāya kammassa …
… a legal procedure of majority decision.

tassapāpiyasikāya kammassa …
… a legal procedure of further penalty.

tiṇavatthārakassa kammassa kiriyā, karaṇaṁ, upagamanaṁ, ajjhupagamanaṁ, adhivāsanā, appaṭikkosanā—
The doing of, the performing of, the participation in, the consent to, the agreement to, the non-objection to a legal procedure of covering over as if with grass.

sattannaṁ samathānaṁ ime chattiṁsa samuṭṭhānā.

10. Sattasamathanānatthādi
10. The variety in meaning, etc., between the seven principles for settling legal issues

Sammukhāvinayoti vā sativinayoti vā—ime dhammā nānatthā nānābyañjanā, udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nānaṁ?
“Are resolution face-to-face and resolution through recollection different in meaning and different in wording, or the same in meaning and just different in wording?

Sammukhāvinayoti vā amūḷhavinayoti vā …pe…
Are resolution face-to-face and resolution because of past insanity …

sammukhāvinayoti vā paṭiññātakaraṇanti vā …
Are resolution face-to-face and acting according to what has been admitted …

sammukhāvinayoti vā yebhuyyasikāti vā …
Are resolution face-to-face and a majority decision …

sammukhāvinayoti vā tassapāpiyasikāti vā …
Are resolution face-to-face and a further penalty …

sammukhāvinayoti vā tiṇavatthārakoti vā—ime dhammā nānatthā nānābyañjanā, udāhu ekatthā byañjanameva nānaṁ?
Are resolution face-to-face and covering over as if with grass different in meaning and different in wording, or the same in meaning and just different in wording?

Sammukhāvinayoti vā sativinayoti vā—ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca.
Resolution face-to-face and resolution through recollection are different in meaning and different in wording.

Sammukhāvinayoti vā amūḷhavinayoti vā …pe…
Resolution face-to-face and resolution because of past insanity …

sammukhāvinayoti vā paṭiññātakaraṇanti vā …
Resolution face-to-face and acting according to what has been admitted …

sammukhāvinayoti vā yebhuyyasikāti vā …
Resolution face-to-face and a majority decision …

sammukhāvinayoti vā tassapāpiyasikāti vā …
Resolution face-to-face and a further penalty …

sammukhāvinayoti vā tiṇavatthārakoti vā—ime dhammā nānatthā ceva nānābyañjanā ca.
Resolution face-to-face and covering over as if with grass are different in meaning and different in wording.

Vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, vivādo no adhikaraṇaṁ, adhikaraṇaṁ no vivādo, adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca?
Are there disputes that are also legal issues arising from a dispute? Are there disputes that are not legal issues? Are there legal issues that are not disputes? Are there legal issues that are also disputes?

Siyā vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṁ, siyā vivādo no adhikaraṇaṁ, siyā adhikaraṇaṁ no vivādo, siyā adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca.
There may be disputes that are also legal issues arising from a dispute. There may be disputes that are not legal issues. There may legal issues that are not disputes. There may be legal issues that are also disputes.

Tattha katamo vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṁ?
How is there a dispute that is also a legal issue arising from a dispute?

Idha bhikkhū vivadanti dhammoti vā adhammoti vā …pe…
It may be that the monks are disputing, saying, ‘This is the Teaching’, ‘This is contrary to the Teaching’ …

duṭṭhullā āpattīti vā aduṭṭhullā āpattīti vā.
‘This is a grave offense’, or ‘This is a minor offense.’

Yaṁ tattha bhaṇḍanaṁ, kalaho, viggaho, vivādo, nānāvādo, aññathāvādo, vipaccatāya vohāro, medhakaṁ—
In regard to this, whatever there is of quarreling, arguing, conflict, disputing, variety in opinion, difference in opinion, heated speech, or strife—

ayaṁ vivādo vivādādhikaraṇaṁ.
this is a dispute that is also a legal issue arising from a dispute.

Tattha katamo vivādo no adhikaraṇaṁ?
How is there a dispute that is not a legal issue?

Mātāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi mātarā vivadati, pitāpi puttena vivadati, puttopi pitarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhātarā vivadati, bhātāpi bhaginiyā vivadati, bhaginīpi bhātarā vivadati, sahāyopi sahāyena vivadati—
A mother disputes with her offspring; an offspring with their mother; a father with his offspring; an offspring with their father; a brother with his brother; a brother with his sister; a sister with her brother; a friend with their friend—

ayaṁ vivādo no adhikaraṇaṁ.
these are disputes that are not legal issues.

Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no vivādo?
How is there a legal issue that is not a dispute?

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, kiccādhikaraṇaṁ—
A legal issue arising from an accusation, a legal issue arising from an offense, a legal issue arising from business—

idaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no vivādo.
these are legal issues that are not disputes.

Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca?
How is there a legal issue that is also a dispute?

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ adhikaraṇañceva vivādo ca.
A legal issue arising from a dispute is a legal issue and also a dispute.

Anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṁ, adhikaraṇaṁ no anuvādo, adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca?
Are there accusations that are also legal issues arising from accusations? Are there accusations that are not legal issues? Are there legal issues that are not accusations? Are there legal issues that are also accusations?

Siyā anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ, siyā anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṁ, siyā adhikaraṇaṁ no anuvādo, siyā adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca.
There may be accusations that are also legal issues arising from accusations. There may be accusations that are not legal issues. There may be legal issues that are not accusations. There may legal issues that are also accusations.

Tattha katamo anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ?
How is there an accusation that is also a legal issue arising from an accusation?

Yo tattha anuvādo, anuvadanā anullapanā anubhaṇanā anusampavaṅkatā abbhussahanatā anubalappadānaṁ—
In regard to this, whatever there are of accusations, accusing, allegations, blame, taking sides because of friendship, taking part in the accusation, or supporting the accusation—

ayaṁ anuvādo anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ.
this is an accusation that is a legal issue arising from an accusation.

Tattha katamo anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṁ?
How is there an accusation that is not a legal issue?

Mātāpi puttaṁ anuvadati, puttopi mātaraṁ anuvadati, pitāpi puttaṁ anuvadati, puttopi pitaraṁ anuvadati, bhātāpi bhātaraṁ anuvadati, bhātāpi bhaginiṁ anuvadati, bhaginīpi bhātaraṁ anuvadati, sahāyopi sahāyaṁ anuvadati—
A mother accuses her offspring; an offspring their mother; a father his offspring; an offspring their father; a brother his brother; a brother his sister; a sister her brother; a friend their friend—

ayaṁ anuvādo no adhikaraṇaṁ.
these are accusations that are not legal issues.

Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no anuvādo?
How is there a legal issue that is not an accusation?

Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ kiccādhikaraṇaṁ vivādādhikaraṇaṁ—
A legal issue arising from an offense, a legal issue arising from business, a legal issue arising from a dispute—

idaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no anuvādo.
these are legal issues that are not accusations.

Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca?
How is there a legal issue that is also an accusation?

Anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ adhikaraṇañceva anuvādo ca.
A legal issue arising from an accusation is a legal issue and also an accusation.

Āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, āpatti no adhikaraṇaṁ, adhikaraṇaṁ no āpatti, adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca?
Are there offenses that are also legal issues arising from an offense? Are there offenses that are not legal issues? Are there legal issues that are not offenses? Are there legal issues that are also offenses?

Siyā āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ, siyā āpatti no adhikaraṇaṁ, siyā adhikaraṇaṁ no āpatti, siyā adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca.
There may be offenses that are also legal issues arising from an offense. There may be offenses that are not legal issues. There may be legal issues that are not offenses. There may be legal issues that are also offenses.

Tattha katamā āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ?
How is there an offense that is also a legal issue arising from an offense?

Pañcapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
There are legal issues arising from offenses because of the five classes of offenses;

Sattapi āpattikkhandhā āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
there are legal issues arising from offenses because of the seven classes of offenses—

Ayaṁ āpatti āpattādhikaraṇaṁ.
these are offenses that are also legal issues arising from an offense.

Tattha katamā āpatti no adhikaraṇaṁ?
How is there an offense that is not a legal issue?

Sotāpatti samāpatti—
The attainment of stream-entry—

ayaṁ āpatti no adhikaraṇaṁ.
this is an offense/attainment that is not a legal issue.

Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no āpatti?
How is there a legal issue that is not an offense?

Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ vivādādhikaraṇaṁ anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ—
A legal issue arising from business, a legal issue arising from a dispute, a legal issue arising from an accusation—

idaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no āpatti.
these are legal issues that are not offenses.

Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca?
How is there a legal issue that is also an offense?

Āpattādhikaraṇaṁ adhikaraṇañceva āpatti ca.
A legal issue arising from an offense is a legal issue and also an offense.

Kiccaṁ kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, kiccaṁ no adhikaraṇaṁ, adhikaraṇaṁ no kiccaṁ, adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca?
Is there business that is also a legal issue arising from business? Is there business that is not a legal issue? Are there legal issues that are not business? Are there legal issues that are also business?

Siyā kiccaṁ kiccādhikaraṇaṁ, siyā kiccaṁ no adhikaraṇaṁ, siyā adhikaraṇaṁ no kiccaṁ, siyā adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca.
There may be business that is also a legal issue arising from business. There may be business that is not a legal issue. There may be legal issues that are not business. There may be legal issues that are also business.

Tattha katamaṁ kiccaṁ kiccādhikaraṇaṁ?
How is there business that is also a legal issue arising from business?

Yā saṅghassa kiccayatā karaṇīyatā apalokanakammaṁ ñattikammaṁ ñattidutiyakammaṁ ñatticatutthakammaṁ—
Whatever is the duty or the business of the Sangha—a legal procedure consisting of getting permission, a legal procedure consisting of one motion, a legal procedure consisting of one motion and one announcement, a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements—

idaṁ kiccaṁ kiccādhikaraṇaṁ.
these are business that are also legal issues arising from business.

Tattha katamaṁ kiccaṁ no adhikaraṇaṁ?
How is there business that is not a legal issue?

Ācariyakiccaṁ upajjhāyakiccaṁ samānupajjhāyakiccaṁ samānācariyakiccaṁ—
The duty to a teacher, the duty to a preceptor, the duty to a co-student, the duty to a co-pupil—

idaṁ kiccaṁ no adhikaraṇaṁ.
these are business that are not legal issues.

Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no kiccaṁ?
How is there a legal issue that is not business?

Vivādādhikaraṇaṁ anuvādādhikaraṇaṁ āpattādhikaraṇaṁ—
A legal issue arising from a dispute, a legal issue arising from an accusation, a legal issue arising from an offense—

idaṁ adhikaraṇaṁ no kiccaṁ.
these are legal issues that are not business.

Tattha katamaṁ adhikaraṇañceva kiccañca?
How is there a legal issue that is also business?

Kiccādhikaraṇaṁ adhikaraṇañceva kiccaṁ cāti.
A legal issue arising from business is a legal issue and also business.”

Adhikaraṇabhedaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ.
The subdivision on legal issues is finished.

Tassuddānaṁ
This is the summary:

Adhikaraṇaṁ ukkoṭā,
“Legal issue, kinds of reopening,

ākārā puggalena ca;
Ways, and with people;

Nidānahetupaccayā,
Sources, causes, conditions,

mūlaṁ samuṭṭhānena ca.
Roots, and with origination.

Āpatti hoti yattha ca,
Offense, is, and when,

saṁsaṭṭhā nidānena ca;
Connected, and with source;

Hetupaccayamūlāni,
Causes, conditions, roots,

samuṭṭhānena byañjanā;
With origination, wording;

Vivādo adhikaraṇanti,
Dispute, legal issue.”

bhedādhikaraṇe idanti.
“This is in the subdivision on legal issues.”