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17. Nikkaḍḍhanasikkhāpada

The training rule on throwing out

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
At one time the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in the Jeta Grove, Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery.

Tena kho pana samayena sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū aññataraṁ paccantimaṁ mahāvihāraṁ paṭisaṅkharonti—
At that time the monks from the group of seventeen were repairing a large dwelling nearby,

“idha mayaṁ vassaṁ vasissāmā”ti.
intending to stay there for the rainy season.

Addasaṁsu kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū sattarasavaggiye bhikkhū vihāraṁ paṭisaṅkharonte.
The monks from the group of six saw this

Disvāna evamāhaṁsu—
and said,

“ime, āvuso, sattarasavaggiyā bhikkhū vihāraṁ paṭisaṅkharonti.
“These monks from the group of seventeen are repairing a dwelling.

Handa ne vuṭṭhāpessāmā”ti.
Let’s throw them out.”

Ekacce evamāhaṁsu—
But some of them said,

“āgamethāvuso, yāva paṭisaṅkharonti; paṭisaṅkhate vuṭṭhāpessāmā”ti.
“Let’s wait until they’ve finished repairing it.”

Atha kho chabbaggiyā bhikkhū sattarasavaggiye bhikkhū etadavocuṁ—
Soon afterwards the monks from the group of six said to those from the group of seventeen,

“uṭṭhethāvuso, amhākaṁ vihāro pāpuṇātī”ti.
“Leave, this dwelling is ours.”

“Nanu, āvuso, paṭikacceva ācikkhitabbaṁ, mayañcaññaṁ paṭisaṅkhareyyāmā”ti.
“Shouldn’t you have told us beforehand? We would’ve repaired another one.”

“Nanu, āvuso, saṅghiko vihāro”ti?
“Doesn’t this dwelling belong to the Sangha?”

“Āmāvuso, saṅghiko vihāro”ti.
“Yes, it does.”

“Uṭṭhethāvuso, amhākaṁ vihāro pāpuṇātī”ti.
“Well then, leave! This dwelling is ours.”

“Mahallako, āvuso, vihāro.
“The dwelling is large.

Tumhepi vasatha, mayampi vasissāmā”ti.
You can stay here and so can we.”

“Uṭṭhethāvuso, amhākaṁ vihāro pāpuṇātī”ti kupitā anattamanā gīvāyaṁ gahetvā nikkaḍḍhanti.
But they said, “Leave, this dwelling is ours,” and they grabbed them by the necks and threw them out in anger.

Te nikkaḍḍhīyamānā rodanti.
The monks from the group of seventeen cried.

Bhikkhū evamāhaṁsu—“kissa tumhe, āvuso, rodathā”ti?
When other monks asked them why,

“Ime, āvuso, chabbaggiyā bhikkhū kupitā anattamanā amhe saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhantī”ti.
they told them what had happened.

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
The monks of few desires complained and criticized them,

“kathañhi nāma chabbaggiyā bhikkhū kupitā anattamanā bhikkhū saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhissantī”ti.
“How could the monks from the group of six angrily throw other monks out of a dwelling belonging to the Sangha?”

Atha kho te bhikkhū chabbaggiye bhikkhū anekapariyāyena vigarahitvā bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ …pe…
After rebuking those monks in many ways, they told the Buddha. Soon afterwards he had the Sangha gathered and questioned the monks:

“saccaṁ kira tumhe, bhikkhave, kupitā anattamanā bhikkhū saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhathā”ti?
“Is it true, monks, that you did this?”

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

Vigarahi buddho bhagavā …pe…
The Buddha rebuked them …

kathañhi nāma tumhe, moghapurisā, kupitā anattamanā bhikkhū saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍhissatha?
“Foolish men, how could you do this?

Netaṁ, moghapurisā, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Yo pana bhikkhu bhikkhuṁ kupito anattamano saṅghikā vihārā nikkaḍḍheyya vā nikkaḍḍhāpeyya vā, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a monk, in anger, throws a monk out of a dwelling belonging to the Sangha, or has him thrown out, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Yo panāti
A:

yo yādiso …pe…
whoever …

bhikkhūti
Monk:

…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
…The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.

Bhikkhunti
A monk:

aññaṁ bhikkhuṁ.
another monk.

Kupito anattamanoti
In anger:

anabhiraddho āhatacitto khilajāto.
discontent, having hatred, hostile.

Saṅghiko nāma vihāro
A dwelling belonging to the Sangha:

saṅghassa dinno hoti pariccatto.
given to the Sangha, given up to the Sangha.

Nikkaḍḍheyyāti
Throws out:

gabbhe gahetvā pamukhaṁ nikkaḍḍhati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
if he takes hold of him in a room and throws him out to the entryway, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Pamukhe gahetvā bahi nikkaḍḍhati, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If he takes hold of him in the entryway and throws him outside, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Ekena payogena bahukepi dvāre atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
Even if he makes him go through many doors with a single effort, he commits one offense entailing confession.

Nikkaḍḍhāpeyyāti
Has thrown out:

aññaṁ āṇāpeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
if he asks another, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Sakiṁ āṇatto bahukepi dvāre atikkāmeti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If he only asks once, then even if the other makes him go through many doors, he commits one offense entailing confession.

Saṅghike saṅghikasaññī kupito anattamano nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If it belongs to the Sangha, and he perceives it as such, and in anger he throws him out, or has him thrown out, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Saṅghike vematiko kupito anattamano nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If it belongs to the Sangha, but he is unsure of it, and in anger he throws him out, or has him thrown out, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Saṅghike puggalikasaññī kupito anattamano nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If it belongs to the Sangha, but he perceives it as belonging to an individual, and in anger he throws him out, or has him thrown out, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Tassa parikkhāraṁ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he throws out one of his requisites, or he has it thrown out, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Vihārassa upacārā vā upaṭṭhānasālāya vā maṇḍapā vā rukkhamūlā vā ajjhokāsā vā nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he throws him out, or has him thrown out, from the vicinity of a dwelling, from an assembly hall, from under a roof cover, from the foot of a tree, or from a space out in the open, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Tassa parikkhāraṁ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he throws out one of his requisites from any of these places, or he has it thrown out, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Anupasampannaṁ vihārā vā vihārassa upacārā vā upaṭṭhānasālāya vā maṇḍapā vā rukkhamūlā vā ajjhokāsā vā nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he throws out one who is not fully ordained, or has them thrown out, from a dwelling, from the vicinity of a dwelling, from an assembly hall, from under a roof cover, from the foot of a tree, or from a space out in the open, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Tassa parikkhāraṁ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he throws out one of their requisites from any of these places, or has it thrown out, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Puggalike saṅghikasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it belongs to an individual, but he perceives it as belonging to the Sangha, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Puggalike vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it belongs to an individual, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Puggalike puggalikasaññī aññassa puggalike āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If it belongs to an individual, and he perceives it as such, but that individual is not himself, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Attano puggalike anāpatti.
If it belongs to himself, there is no offense.

Anāpatti—
There is no offense:

alajjiṁ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā,
if he throws out one who is shameless, or has him thrown out;

tassa parikkhāraṁ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā,
if he throws out the requisites belonging to that person, or has them thrown out;

ummattakaṁ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā,
if he throws out one who is insane, or has him thrown out;

tassa parikkhāraṁ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā,
if he throws out the requisites belonging to that person, or has them thrown out;

bhaṇḍanakārakaṁ kalahakārakaṁ vivādakārakaṁ bhassakārakaṁ saṅghe adhikaraṇakārakaṁ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā,
if he throws out one who is quarrelsome and argumentative, who creates legal issues in the Sangha, or has them thrown out;

tassa parikkhāraṁ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā,
if he throws out the requisites belonging to that person, or has them thrown out;

antevāsikaṁ vā saddhivihārikaṁ vā na sammā vattantaṁ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā,
if he throws out a pupil or student who is not conducting himself properly, or has him thrown out;

tassa parikkhāraṁ nikkaḍḍhati vā nikkaḍḍhāpeti vā,
if he throws out the requisites belonging to such a person, or has them thrown out;

ummattakassa,
if he is insane;

ādikammikassāti.
if he is the first offender.

Nikkaḍḍhanasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ sattamaṁ.
The training rule on throwing out, the seventh, is finished.