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25. Cīvaradānasikkhāpada

The training rule on giving robe-cloth

Tena samayena buddho bhagavā sāvatthiyaṁ viharati jetavane anāthapiṇḍikassa ārāme.
On one occasion when the Buddha was staying at Sāvatthī in Anāthapiṇḍika’s Monastery,

Tena kho pana samayena aññataro bhikkhu sāvatthiyaṁ aññatarissā visikhāya piṇḍāya carati. Aññatarāpi bhikkhunī tassā visikhāya piṇḍāya carati.
a certain monk was walking for almsfood along a street in Sāvatthī, as was a certain nun.

Atha kho so bhikkhu taṁ bhikkhuniṁ etadavoca—“gaccha, bhagini, amukasmiṁ okāse bhikkhā diyyatī”ti.
That monk said to that nun, “Go to such-and-such a place, Sister, and you’ll get alms,”

Sāpi kho evamāha—“gacchāyya, amukasmiṁ okāse bhikkhā diyyatī”ti.
and she said the same to him.

Te abhiṇhadassanena sandiṭṭhā ahesuṁ.
And because they met frequently, they became friends.

Tena kho pana samayena saṅghassa cīvaraṁ bhājīyati.
Just then robe-cloth belonging to the Sangha was being distributed.

Atha kho sā bhikkhunī ovādaṁ gantvā yena so bhikkhu tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā taṁ bhikkhuṁ abhivādetvā ekamantaṁ aṭṭhāsi.
Then, after going to the instruction, that nun went to that monk and bowed.

Ekamantaṁ ṭhitaṁ kho taṁ bhikkhuniṁ so bhikkhu etadavoca—“ ayaṁ me, bhagini, cīvarapaṭivīso; sādiyissasī”ti?
He then said to her, “Sister, will you accept my share of the robe-cloth?”

“Āmāyya, dubbalacīvarāmhī”ti.
“Yes, Venerable, my robes are worn.”

Atha kho so bhikkhu tassā bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṁ adāsi.
And he gave his robe-cloth to that nun.

Sopi kho bhikkhu dubbalacīvaro hoti.
As a consequence, his robes, too, became worn.

Bhikkhū taṁ bhikkhuṁ etadavocuṁ—“karohi dāni te, āvuso, cīvaran”ti.
Other monks said to him, “Why don’t you make a robe for yourself?”

Atha kho so bhikkhu bhikkhūnaṁ etamatthaṁ ārocesi.
And he told them what had happened.

Ye te bhikkhū appicchā …pe… te ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
The monks of few desires complained and criticized him,

“kathañhi nāma bhikkhu bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṁ dassatī”ti …pe…
“How could a monk give robe-cloth to a nun?” …

“saccaṁ kira tvaṁ, bhikkhu, bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṁ adāsī”ti?
“Is it true, monk, that you did this?”

“Saccaṁ, bhagavā”ti.
“It’s true, Sir.”

“Ñātikā te, bhikkhu, aññātikā”ti?
“Is she a relative of yours?”

“Aññātikā, bhagavā”ti.
“No.”

“Aññātako, moghapurisa, aññātikāya na jānāti patirūpaṁ vā appatirūpaṁ vā santaṁ vā asantaṁ vā.
“Foolish man, a man and a woman who are unrelated don’t know what’s appropriate and inappropriate, what’s good and bad, in dealing with each other.

Kathañhi nāma tvaṁ, moghapurisa, aññātikāya bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṁ dassasi.
And still you did this.

Netaṁ, moghapurisa, appasannānaṁ vā pasādāya …pe…
This will affect people’s confidence …” …

evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
“And, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Yo pana bhikkhu aññātikāya bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṁ dadeyya, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a monk gives robe-cloth to an unrelated nun, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Evañcidaṁ bhagavatā bhikkhūnaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ paññattaṁ hoti.
In this way the Buddha laid down this training rule for the monks.

Tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū kukkuccāyantā bhikkhunīnaṁ pārivattakaṁ cīvaraṁ na denti.
Once this had happened, the monks did not even give robe-cloth to the nuns in exchange, being afraid of wrongdoing.

Bhikkhuniyo ujjhāyanti khiyyanti vipācenti—
The nuns complained and criticized them,

“kathañhi nāma ayyā amhākaṁ pārivattakaṁ cīvaraṁ na dassantī”ti.
“How can they not give us robe-cloth in exchange?”

Assosuṁ kho bhikkhū tāsaṁ bhikkhunīnaṁ ujjhāyantīnaṁ khiyyantīnaṁ vipācentīnaṁ.
The monks heard the complaints of those nuns

Atha kho te bhikkhū bhagavato etamatthaṁ ārocesuṁ.
and they told the Buddha.

Atha kho bhagavā etasmiṁ nidāne etasmiṁ pakaraṇe dhammiṁ kathaṁ katvā bhikkhū āmantesi—
Soon afterwards the Buddha gave a teaching and addressed the monks:

“anujānāmi, bhikkhave, pañcannaṁ pārivattakaṁ dātuṁ.
“Monks, I allow you to give things in exchange to five kinds of people:

Bhikkhussa, bhikkhuniyā, sikkhamānāya, sāmaṇerassa, sāmaṇeriyā—
monks, nuns, trainee nuns, novice monks, and novice nuns.

anujānāmi, bhikkhave, imesaṁ pañcannaṁ pārivattakaṁ dātuṁ.

Evañca pana, bhikkhave, imaṁ sikkhāpadaṁ uddiseyyātha—
And so, monks, this training rule should be recited like this:

“Yo pana bhikkhu aññātikāya bhikkhuniyā cīvaraṁ dadeyya, aññatra pārivattakā, pācittiyan”ti.
‘If a monk gives robe-cloth to an unrelated nun, except in exchange, he commits an offense entailing confession.’”

Yo panāti
A:

yo yādiso …pe…
whoever …

bhikkhūti
Monk:

…pe… ayaṁ imasmiṁ atthe adhippeto bhikkhūti.
… The monk who has been given the full ordination by a unanimous Sangha through a legal procedure consisting of one motion and three announcements that is irreversible and fit to stand—this sort of monk is meant in this case.

Aññātikā nāma
Unrelated:

mātito vā pitito vā yāva sattamā pitāmahayugā asambaddhā.
anyone who is not a descendant of one’s male ancestors going back eight generations, either on the mother’s side or on the father’s side.

Bhikkhunī nāma
A nun:

ubhatosaṅghe upasampannā.
she has been given the full ordination by both Sanghas.

Cīvaraṁ nāma
Robe-cloth:

channaṁ cīvarānaṁ aññataraṁ cīvaraṁ vikappanupagaṁ pacchimaṁ.
one of the six kinds of robe-cloth, but not smaller than what can be assigned to another.

Aññatra pārivattakāti
Except in exchange:

ṭhapetvā pārivattakaṁ deti, āpatti pācittiyassa.
unless there is an exchange.

Aññātikāya aññātikasaññī cīvaraṁ deti, aññatra pārivattakā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If she is unrelated and he perceives her as such, and he gives her robe-cloth, except in exchange, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Aññātikāya vematiko cīvaraṁ deti, aññatra pārivattakā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If she is unrelated, but he is unsure of it, and he gives her robe-cloth, except in exchange, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Aññātikāya ñātikasaññī cīvaraṁ deti, aññatra pārivattakā, āpatti pācittiyassa.
If she is unrelated, but he perceives her as related, and he gives her robe-cloth, except in exchange, he commits an offense entailing confession.

Ekato upasampannāya cīvaraṁ deti, aññatra pārivattakā, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If he gives robe-cloth to a nun who is fully ordained only on one side, except in exchange, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Ñātikāya aññātikasaññī, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If she is related, but he perceives her as unrelated, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Ñātikāya vematiko, āpatti dukkaṭassa.
If she is related, but he is unsure of it, he commits an offense of wrong conduct.

Ñātikāya ñātikasaññī, anāpatti.
If she is related and he perceives her as such, there is no offense.

Anāpatti—
There is no offense:

ñātikāya,
if she is related;

pārivattakaṁ parittena vā vipulaṁ, vipulena vā parittaṁ,
if much is exchanged with little or little is exchanged with much;

bhikkhunī vissāsaṁ gaṇhāti,
if the nun takes it on trust;

tāvakālikaṁ gaṇhāti,
if she borrows it;

cīvaraṁ ṭhapetvā aññaṁ parikkhāraṁ deti,
if he gives any requisite apart from robe-cloth;

sikkhamānāya,
if it is a trainee nun;

sāmaṇeriyā,
if it is a novice nun;

ummattakassa,
if he is insane;

ādikammikassāti.
if he is the first offender.

Cīvaradānasikkhāpadaṁ niṭṭhitaṁ pañcamaṁ.
The training rule on giving robe-cloth, the fifth, is finished.